{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Sami people celebrate their national holiday' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bdbad8eafeecae13636f' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54bdbad8eafeecae13636f' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nSami people celebrate their national holiday\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eAlta (Finnmark), Norway -  February 6, 20101. Wide shot of fiord2. Mid shot of town4. Mid shot of city centre5. Mid shot of reindeers being prepared for a race6. Various of race 8. Cutaway to Sami woman 9. SOUNDBITE: (Sami) Marianne Eiva...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eAlta (Finnmark), Norway -  February 6, 2010\u003cbr/\u003e1. Wide shot of fiord\u003cbr/\u003e2. Mid shot of town\u003cbr/\u003e4. Mid shot of city centre\u003cbr/\u003e5. Mid shot of reindeers being prepared for a race\u003cbr/\u003e6. Various of race \u003cbr/\u003e8. Cutaway to Sami woman \u003cbr/\u003e9. SOUNDBITE: (Sami) Marianne Eiva Olsen, voxpop\u003cbr/\u003e\"I am very proud of being a Sami. And today we celebrate our day because we are not able to express ourselves through our language and culture.\"\u003cbr/\u003eKautokeino, February 7, 2010\u003cbr/\u003e10. Wide shot of village\u003cbr/\u003e11. Mid shot of parish church\u003cbr/\u003e12. Various shots of village centre\u003cbr/\u003e13. Exterior shot of hostel\u003cbr/\u003e14. Various shots of hostel owner talking to guest and neighbour\u003cbr/\u003e15. SOUNDBITE: (Sami) Jinga Hermansen Hatter, owner of local hostel\u003cbr/\u003e\"Things have changed so much since my youth. Now communications and infrastructure are modern. And also we have educational centres in the region. Not like in my childhood that I had to travel many miles to go to school.\"\u003cbr/\u003e16. Various shots of hostel owner chatting with reindeer shepherd\u003cbr/\u003e17. Mid shot of shepherd leaving hostel\u003cbr/\u003e18. Wide shot of car driving  through countryside\u003cbr/\u003e19. Various shots of shepherd arriving at home \u003cbr/\u003e20. Various of shepherd taking care of reindeer\u003cbr/\u003e21. SOUNDBITE: (Sami) Nils Peder Gaup, reindeer shepherd and business entrepreneur\u003cbr/\u003e\"I am proud of being a Sami. And I am not worried about the future generations of Sami not choosing to become a shepherd. Even though they get better education these days we will have reindeer shepherds for the next couple of centuries.\" \u003cbr/\u003e21. Mid shot of shepherd entering home\u003cbr/\u003e22. Various shots of children playing computer game\u003cbr/\u003e23. SOUNDBITE : (Sami) Isaat Gaup, student\u003cbr/\u003e\"When I am out of school I spend my time like any other child. Playing with my computer, playing soccer outside or on top of my snow mobile. But when it comes to my future I want to become a shepherd like my dad.\"\u003cbr/\u003e24. Various shots of youngsters driving their snow mobiles over frozen lake\u003cbr/\u003e25. SOUNDBITE: (Sami) , high school student\u003cbr/\u003e\"When I finish high school I want to move to Alta or Tromso and become a trained carpenter. We haven''t got a lot of opportunities over here so is better to move to the big cities in the area.\"\u003cbr/\u003e26. Wide shot of Sami University College\u003cbr/\u003e27. Set up shots of Kamil Ozerk, professor of political science\u003cbr/\u003e28. SOUNDBITE: (English) Kamil Ozerk, professor of political science\u003cbr/\u003e\"Of course globalisation and maybe Norway''s membership in the European Union could create some challenges or problems for this indigenous people. Because they are only 40,000 (Sami) in this country. And there are a total of 100,000 in this area, Sweden, Finland and Russia. But Sami people must be heard and taken in consideration.\"\u003cbr/\u003e29. Wide shot of house\u003cbr/\u003e30. Various shots of designer tailor sewing typical Sami dress\u003cbr/\u003e31. SOUNDBITE: (Sami) Risten Ravdna Gaup Haetta, tailor\u003cbr/\u003e\"Fabric designs for our dresses were mainly imported from the rest of Europe. And the designs they made for us were not exactly our own style. So I started to manufacture my designs locally. Authentic Sami designs.\"\u003cbr/\u003e32. Various shots of tailor\u003cbr/\u003eThe Sami people of Europe''s Arctic have been celebrating their national day.\u003cbr/\u003eThe once-oppressed indigenous reindeer herders in northern Norway, Sweden, Finland and northwestern Russia began marking February 6 as their national day in 1993. \u003cbr/\u003eThe date marks the first Sami national congress, when about 100 herders gathered in Trondheim, Norway, in 1917. \u003cbr/\u003eThe Sami country, or Sapmi, is situated in the cold tundra of northern Scandinavia.\u003cbr/\u003eTheir territory comprises of four countries: Norway, Finland, Sweden and Russia.\u003cbr/\u003eScientists believe that they descended from the Komsa people, a prehistoric society that occupied the area as long as nine or ten thousand years ago.\u003cbr/\u003eHistorically the life of the Samis has been closely linked with the reindeer, their main source of food and clothing.\u003cbr/\u003eWhen the stock of wild reindeer started to decline in the Middle Ages the Sami started to keep reindeer herds.\u003cbr/\u003eBut apart from food and clothing the reindeer were also the cause of a social gathering in their \"siida\" (Sami settlement) organising racing contests, being pulled by a cord by the animal rushing through the snow with rudimentary skis attached.\u003cbr/\u003eFor generations, the Nordic ethnic majority sought to assimilate the Sami into the mainstream culture, by banning their language and culture, while Russian Sami were isolated by the Iron Curtain during 70 years of Soviet rule.  \u003cbr/\u003eNow the Sami have their own parliaments, schools, newspapers and broadcasts in their own language.  \u003cbr/\u003eIn 1986 the Sami created their own national anthem and flag, with a national day celebrated on February 6.\u003cbr/\u003eMarianne Eiva Olsen is proud to be Sami.\u003cbr/\u003eEven though modern life in the city of Alta - capital of the Finnmark county - stops her from wearing the traditional costume everyday, she never misses the chance to wear it on festive occasions. \u003cbr/\u003e\"This day is very important for me. I don''t wear these clothes every day. But is very important to be able to show our language and culture to the rest of the world.\" she says. \u003cbr/\u003eThe village of Kautokeino (Guovdageaidnu in Sami language) is the capital of the municipality of the same name.\u003cbr/\u003eOver ninety percent of its 1,500 inhabitants identify themselves as Sami.\u003cbr/\u003eThroughout the centuries its economy relied on reindeer herding, but today it has diversified due to the creation of small scale industries as well as the first Sami University.\u003cbr/\u003eJinga Hermansen runs the local hostel.\u003cbr/\u003eShe says that the most important change she has experienced so far is the possibility of the younger generations having access to higher education, something unthinkable when she was a child in the 1940''s.\u003cbr/\u003e\"I think that it is very positive the fact that today the Sami have access to higher education in our town. Things have changed so much since my youth when I had to travel long distances to go to school. This is perhaps our greatest achievement.\"\u003cbr/\u003eNils Peder \"Rambo\" Gaup is a reindeer herder in Kaitokenu.\u003cbr/\u003eBesides herding, Nils Peder also started a small scale business dedicated to entertain tourists.\u003cbr/\u003eWhen his herds are up in the tundra - where the snow is less deep hence easier for the reindeer to feed - he arranges expeditions that includes sleeping in a \"lavvu\" - typical Sami tent, ice fishing or hunting.\u003cbr/\u003ePeder herds the 10,000 reindeer owned by local shepherds.\u003cbr/\u003eHe thinks that modernity and globalisation pose no threat to the Sami way of life.\u003cbr/\u003e\"We the Sami take traditions very seriously. There will still be reindeer shepherds around in two or three hundred years time. I don''t think that our profession will disappear. Some of our youngster will take higher education either here at the Sami College or at other schools. We will have lots of highly educated shepherds here in Sapmi.\" he says. \u003cbr/\u003eBut today less than ten percent of Sami men live from reindeer herding and husbandry, according to local government statistics. \u003cbr/\u003eKautokeino has Norway''s highest unemployment rate with a current ten percent always on the increase.\u003cbr/\u003eTrond Jaran Antonsen is thinking of moving soon to the coast, where there are fewer Sami people, but job opportunities are more plentiful. \u003cbr/\u003e\"When I finish high school I want to move to Alta or Tromso in order to get a good job as a carpenter. We haven''t got a lot of opportunities over here so is better to move to the big cities in the area.\"\u003cbr/\u003eKamil Ozerk is a professor of political science at Oslo University who also teaches at the Sami University. \u003cbr/\u003eHe says that the Sami population need to be protected and their voices need to be heard. \u003cbr/\u003e \"Of course globalisation and maybe Norway''s membership in the European Union could create some challenges or problems for this indigenous people. Because they are only 40,000 (Sami) in this country. And there are a total of 100,000 in this area, Sweden, Finland and Russia. But Sami people must be heard and taken in consideration.\"\u003cbr/\u003e( Note: In November 2009 Ozerk published a paper comprising social, educational and statistic information about the Sami in Norway.\u003cbr/\u003eAccording to his study the number of those Norwegians who call themselves Sami has remained stable for the last 60 years at about 20,000.\u003cbr/\u003eThe number of those with Sami background has increased somewhat, and the number of those who speak Sami as a first language has declined.\u003cbr/\u003eHe says that the total Sami population is less than 80,000, living in a 150,000 square mile region called \"Sapmi,\" which extends from Norway to the Kola Peninsula in Russia. \u003cbr/\u003eThe Sami compose a very small percent of the Norwegian population of 4.5 million.\u003cbr/\u003eAccording to Orzek''s publication in 2007, the total number of persons who were employed in reindeer herding was 2,815. \u003cbr/\u003eThe total number of reindeer in 2008 was about 240,000.)\u003cbr/\u003eOn Sami National day people wear colourful costumes, called Kofte and sing traditional yoik songs.\u003cbr/\u003eA Sami tailor, Risten Ravdna Gaup Haetta, says she is making traditional Sami designs. \u003cbr/\u003e\"Fabric designs for our dresses were mainly imported from the rest of Europe. And the designs they made for us were not exactly our own style. So I started to manufacture my designs locally. Authentic Sami designs.\"\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='resource-details-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='resource-details-heading'\u003eResource Details\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource-details clearfix'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eCurator Rating\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\u003cspan class=\"star-rating\" aria-label=\"3.5 out of 5 stars\" role=\"img\"\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-star text-action\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003ci 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