{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Food crunch opens doors to bioengineered crops' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c146d8eafeecae150ee9' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c146d8eafeecae150ee9' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nFood crunch opens doors to bioengineered crops\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eAP TelevisionKunming, Yunnan Province, China - October 15, 20081. Close up of baby in front of grain bags, pull out to wide shot of store front2. Close up of ground corn in bag3. Medium shot of Zheng Wencai looking at beans4. SOUNDBITE:...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eKunming, Yunnan Province, China - October 15, 2008\u003cbr/\u003e1. Close up of baby in front of grain bags, pull out to wide shot of store front\u003cbr/\u003e2. Close up of ground corn in bag\u003cbr/\u003e3. Medium shot of Zheng Wencai looking at beans\u003cbr/\u003e4. SOUNDBITE: (Mandarin): Zheng Wencai, Kunming resident:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The research on genetically modified foods, whether it's harmful to the body. It's impossible to know whether it's harmful to the body in the short term, because there hasn't been a long-term study. There is still a global debate on this. So basically I don't use it.\" \u003cbr/\u003e5. Wide shot of store front selling oil\u003cbr/\u003e6. Close up of red small writing saying the oil contains GMO, pull out to show several bottles\u003cbr/\u003e7. Close up of oil bottles with tags on them saying \"Non-GMO\" and sales person arranging bottles, pull out\u003cbr/\u003e8. SOUNDBITE: (Mandarin) Song, Oil salesman\u003cbr/\u003e\"Many consumers are aware of genetically modified foods. So non-GM foods are popular with consumers because the debate is still not clear on how harmful it is to the body.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eKunming, Yunnan Province, China - October 14, 2008\u003cbr/\u003e9. Wide shot of fields testing crops with sign in front\u003cbr/\u003e10. Wide shot of lady in field taking grain from already harvested field\u003cbr/\u003e11. Medium shot of lady\u003cbr/\u003e12. Close up of pail with rice plants\u003cbr/\u003e13. Medium shot of rice plants in field\u003cbr/\u003e14. Close up of rice in field\u003cbr/\u003e15. Wide shot and pan of corn\u003cbr/\u003e16. Wide shot of road where corn is planted\u003cbr/\u003e17. Medium shot of researchers working in the field\u003cbr/\u003e18. Close up of researchers packing seeds in envelope\u003cbr/\u003e19. Medium shot of researchers taking notes\u003cbr/\u003e20. Close up of notes\u003cbr/\u003e21. Close up of main researcher\u003cbr/\u003e22. Wide shot of Professor Zeng Yawen, Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, talking to researchers\u003cbr/\u003e23. SOUNDBITE: (Mandarin): Professor Zeng Yawen, Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Because of the problems of commercialisation of GM foods and the safety issues and the consumer concerns, the research of GM rice has basically been stopped. So my main direction is to research rice and solve chronic diseases.  Why do I take this direction? It's because now the production yields of rice and other main crops are very high.\"\u003cbr/\u003e24. Wide shot of green houses\u003cbr/\u003e25. Medium shot showing inside of green house\u003cbr/\u003e26. Close up of seeds hanging from ceiling of green house, pan down\u003cbr/\u003e27. Close up of variety H28 in pots, pan to wide shot of green house interior\u003cbr/\u003e28. Close up of sign on building \" Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences\", pan down\u003cbr/\u003e29. Close up of out of focus test bottles, focus and pan to show back of researcher\u003cbr/\u003e30. Medium shot of researcher filling vials\u003cbr/\u003e31. Close up of researcher hands filling vials\u003cbr/\u003e32. Close up of pan with film in it moving\u003cbr/\u003e33. Medium shot of researcher taking film out\u003cbr/\u003e34. Close up of picture of the DNA of a seed\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eShanghai, China - October 10, 2008\u003cbr/\u003e35. Wide shot of Fudan University gate\u003cbr/\u003e36. Close up of door sign \"Gene Diversity and Bio-Safety Laboratory\"\u003cbr/\u003e37. SOUNDBITE: (English) Lu Baorong, Deputy Chief of The Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University:\u003cbr/\u003e\"I think it's very important since China is a big country who have so many people who need to be feeded (fed) so then to have our own technology and to guarantee the food security is very important. So that is why government is really invests sufficient amount to the biotechnology.\" \u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eKunming, Yunnan Province, China - October 15, 2008\u003cbr/\u003e38. Wide shot of seed market fa�ade, zoom in on poster with corn\u003cbr/\u003e39. Close up of \"Non-GMO\" sign on poster\u003cbr/\u003e40. Close up of hand with seeds in it, pull out to show old woman with baby on back in seed market\u003cbr/\u003e41. Close up of woman picking through seeds\u003cbr/\u003e42. Close up of her hands\u003cbr/\u003e43. Medium shot of farmer Lin Yue pulling seeds out of plastic bag\u003cbr/\u003e44. SOUNDBITE: (Mandarin) Lin Yue from Kunming\u003cbr/\u003e\"I think GM foods are very good. Because you can improve the quality and production yield. Right? So these products are good.\"\u003cbr/\u003e45. Close up of woman buying vegetables, pull out to show market\u003cbr/\u003e46. Close up of crowds in market\u003cbr/\u003e47. Close up of vegetables\u003cbr/\u003eSurging costs, population growth, and drought and other setbacks linked to global climate change are pressuring world food supplies, while soaring prices on the street have triggered riots and raised the number of people going hungry to more than 923 million, according to U.N. estimates.\u003cbr/\u003eWith food demand forecast to increase by half by 2030, the incentive to use genetic engineering to boost harvests and protect precious crops from insects and other damage has never been greater.\u003cbr/\u003eIn China the government is supporting the development of genetically modified foods, including corn and rice, to ensure its people will continue to be fed.\u003cbr/\u003eBut with food safety issues at the forefront of consumer demand commercialisation of so-called \"Frankenstein Foods\" may also hit some hurdles.\u003cbr/\u003eIn Europe, Africa and Asia, governments that have resisted imports of genetically modified foods and banned growing such crops are loosening those restrictions. \u003cbr/\u003eMeanwhile, they are pushing ahead faster with their own research, despite lingering questions over the safety of such technology.\u003cbr/\u003eGenetic manipulation to insert desirable genes or accelerate changes traditionally achieved through crossbreeding can help make crops resistant to insects and disease or enable them to tolerate herbicides. \u003cbr/\u003eLivestock similarly can be altered by inserting a gene from one animal into the DNA of another.\u003cbr/\u003eMany researchers believe such methods are essential for a second \"green revolution,\" now that the gains from the first, in the mid-20th century, are tapering off.\u003cbr/\u003eLimited amounts of GM foods already exist on the market in China, but there's quite a bit of resistance from consumers, especially in the cities.\u003cbr/\u003eMostly they are worried about the long-term health effects of eating GM produce.\u003cbr/\u003eZheng Wencai, a retired architect living in Kunming in the Yunnan province in southwest China, doesn't want to eat GM foods as he believes it's impossible to know whether they are harmful to the body.\u003cbr/\u003eThe choices are clear, says Mr. Song, who works at a store selling vegetable oil: consumers prefer non-GM foods. Vegetables marked as non-GM sell better than those indicating the use of imported GM soybeans.\u003cbr/\u003eGenetic manipulation of crops can make them resistant to insects and disease, or enable them to tolerate herbicides. \u003cbr/\u003eThis reduces the need for heavy doses of farm chemicals.  \u003cbr/\u003eSimilarly, livestock can be altered to grow faster or resist diseases by inserting a gene from one animal into the DNA of another. \u003cbr/\u003eWhile farmers are allowed to grow GM varieties of papaya, green peppers and tomatoes, along with several non food crops, genetically modified rice and wheat are being field-tested at a handful of isolated sites, under high security.\u003cbr/\u003eAt Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Sciences the surrounding fields are used to test hybrid rice and corn. \u003cbr/\u003eSome of the hybrid rice created here can be good for people with diabetes or high blood pressure. \u003cbr/\u003eAnd some varieties are cold resistant - modified to grow better in the high altitudes. \u003cbr/\u003eIn a mountainous place like the Yunnan Province, that sort of advantage can mean the difference between chronic hunger and a good living. \u003cbr/\u003eSome of these plants can also be used later to create GM rice, but no GM rice is grown in open fields for safety reasons.\u003cbr/\u003eAccording to Zeng Yawen from the Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute in Kunming, the institute had created GM rice in the past, which was pest resistant.\u003cbr/\u003eBut safety issues and consumer concerns have caused the research to stop. \u003cbr/\u003eZeng believes China's rice production yields are already quite high, and prefers to work on creating hybrid rice that can help cure chronic diseases.\u003cbr/\u003eHowever, Zeng doesn't rule out GM rice research and says it could be one of many technologies used to further increase rice production if necessary.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute creates a lot of GM flowers to support Yunnan's booming horticulture industry.\u003cbr/\u003eFor now the rice research here maps out the DNA of many of the hybrid seeds.\u003cbr/\u003eThe information from DNA mapping can later be used to clone a gene for use in a GM strand of rice.\u003cbr/\u003eIn July this year, the Chinese cabinet approved a 20 billion yuan (US$2.9 billion) budget for research of genetically modified crops and livestock.\u003cbr/\u003eScientists say a large part of the budget for GM food research will be to guarantee food safety issues.\u003cbr/\u003eThat's at the core of professor Lu Baorong's work. \u003cbr/\u003eHe's the Deputy Chief of the Institute of Biodiversity Science at Fudan University and works closely with the government on bio-safety issues.\u003cbr/\u003eLu believes it's important for China to have its own technology to guarantee food security for its people and says that's why the government is making the investment.\u003cbr/\u003eChina has some work to do to convince its people to eat GM foods. \u003cbr/\u003eBut not all Chinese are against the new technology.\u003cbr/\u003eThere are also some people who believe anything that is high-tech is good.\u003cbr/\u003eTake Lin Yue, a farmer in Yunnan.\u003cbr/\u003eHe says there are no GM food seeds in Kunming, but if there were he would like to buy them. \u003cbr/\u003eHe believes GM foods are good because they can help increase production yields and improve the quality of the food.\u003cbr/\u003eThe trend for GM food is not limited to China. \u003cbr/\u003eWorldwide, cultivation of GM crops has been expanding by over 10 percent a year for the past decade, reaching 102 million hectares in 22 countries by 2006. \u003cbr/\u003eGM crops are widely grown in Canada, Argentina and the U.S., where nearly all soybeans, most cotton and a growing proportion of corn are engineered for tolerance to herbicides or resistance to insects. \u003cbr/\u003eIn Hawaii, a GM variety resistant to ringspot-virus is credited with helping to save the local papaya industry. \u003cbr/\u003eVietnam is pushing ahead with an ambitious programme to develop commercial GM crops to help reduce reliance on imports. \u003cbr/\u003eIn May, South Korea, which already imports GM soybeans, began importing GM maize to help bridge shortfalls of conventional corn after China began limiting its exports. \u003cbr/\u003eLast month, Brazil's National Biosafety Commission approved two new varieties of genetically modified corn seeds, after giving the green light two years ago for GM varieties of soybeans. \u003cbr/\u003eIndia has tripled its acreage of GM cotton, the only GM crop it allows. \u003cbr/\u003eIn Africa, where governments have sometimes rejected food aid shipments containing GM grains, South African scientists have finished field tests of a potato developed to fend off tuber moths. \u003cbr/\u003eThe government also recently approved trials of genetically enhanced sorghum  (tropical and sub tropical grass)  to improve its digestibility and nutritional content. \u003cbr/\u003eThe aim is to prevent malnutrition among those who rely on the rough grain, one of the few crops that can thrive in arid soils.\u003cbr/\u003eIn Europe countries face growing pressure, under World Trade Organisation rules, to open their markets to GM products, most of which are banned due to fears over food safety. \u003cbr/\u003eMany among the EU's 27 member nations remain wary, though, of biotechnology and are fighting to keep genetically altered crops out of their fields and supermarkets.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv 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