{"page":"<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" />\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" />\n<div data-title='Do Photons Cast Shadows?' data-url='/boclips/videos/5f7dd1738cd8ed7a1e388da1' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5f7dd1738cd8ed7a1e388da1' id='bo_player_modal'>\n<div class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'>\n<div class='react-notifications-root'></div>\n<div class='rp-header'>\n<div class='rp-type'>\n<i aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'></i>\nVideo\n</div>\n<h1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'>\nDo Photons Cast Shadows?\n</h1>\n<div class='rp-actions'>\n<div class='mr-1'>\n<a class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"><span><span>Get Free Access</span><span class=\"\"> for 10 Days</span><span>!</span></span></a>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class='rp-body'>\n<div class='rp-info'>\n<div aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'>&times;</div>\n<i aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'></i>\n<i aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'></i>\n<div class='rp-rating'>\n<span class='resource-pool'>\n<span class='pool-label'>Publisher:</span>\n<span class='pool-name'>\n<span class='text'><a data-publisher-id=\"30358008\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30358008\">MinutePhysics</a></span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</div>\n<div class='rp-description'>\n<span class='short-description'>This video is about two-photon (gamma-gamma) physics, and how photons can interact with each other - either mediated by a passing lepton, or gravitationally via lensing, or via vacuum fluctuation pair production of vertical particles...</span>\n<span class='full-description hide'>This video is about two-photon (gamma-gamma) physics, and how photons can interact with each other - either mediated by a passing lepton, or gravitationally via lensing, or via vacuum fluctuation pair production of vertical particles (electron-positron pair, for example). This is the so-called \"box diagram\" feynman diagram.<br/><br/>REFERENCES<br/><br/>Water waves interact with each other (weakly nonlinear shallow water <a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korteweg%E2%80%93deVriesequation' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>waves)</a><br/><a href='http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Korteweg-deVriesEquation.html' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'></a><br/><br/>Paper: Absorption of Very High Energy Gamma Rays in the Milky <a href='https://arxiv.org/pdf/1608.01587.pdf' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>Way</a><br/><br/>Paper: Observing light-by-light scattering at the Large Hadron Collider (<a href='https://arxiv.org/pdf/1305.7142.pdf' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>LHC)</a><br/><br/>Mass-Energy <a href='http://labs.minutelabs.io/Mass-Energy-Scale/' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>Scale</a><br/><br/>Optical <a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opticaldepth' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>Depth</a><br/><br/>The electromagnetic spectrum and photon <a href='http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys222core/modules/m6/The%20EM%20spectrum.html' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>energies</a><br/><br/>Gravitational <a href='http://andybohn.com/research/lensing.html' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>Lensing</a><br/><br/>Ask an Astrophysicist on gamma ray scattering and energies in <a href='http://teacherlink.ed.usu.edu/tlnasa/reference/imaginedvd/files/imagine/docs/askastro/answers/970412e.html' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>cosmology</a><br/><br/>Measuring Vacuum Polarisation with High Power <a href='https://arxiv.org/pdf/1510.08456.pdf' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>Lasers</a><br/><br/>Detecting vacuum birefringence with X-ray free electron lasers and high-power optical <a href='https://indico.desy.de/indico/event/12654/session/2/contribution/8/material/slides/0.pdf' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>lasers</a><br/><br/>Vacuum birefringence in the head-on collision of XFEL and optical high-intensity laser <a href='https://arxiv.org/pdf/1807.03302.pdf' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>pulses</a><br/><br/>ATLAS makes first direct detection of Light-by-light scattering at the <a href='https://atlas.cern/updates/press-statement/atlas-sees-first-direct-evidence-light-light-scattering-high-energy' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>LHC</a><br/><br/>Two Photon <a href='http://www.hep.ucl.ac.uk/opal/gammagamma/gg-tutorial.html' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>Physics</a><br/><a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-photonphysics' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'></a><br/><br/>Thesis: The Opacity of the Universe for high and very high energy γ-<a href='http://inspirehep.net/record/1254304/files/desy-thesis-13-033.pdf' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>rays</a><br/><br/><br/><br/>Minute Physics provides an energetic and entertaining view of old and new problems in physics -- all in a minute!<br/><br/>Created by Henry Reich</span>\n</div>\n<div class='action-container flex justify-between'>\n<button aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more 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