{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='The Similarity Trap' data-url='/boclips/videos/625f5d5362b39c0f0b0e6904' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/625f5d5362b39c0f0b0e6904' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nThe Similarity Trap\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30358007\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30358007\"\u003eMinuteEarth\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eTry Squarespace for free And subscribe to MinuteEarth! As we try to figure out the evolutionary trees for languages and species, we sometimes get led astray by similar but unrelated words and traits. Thanks to our Patreon patrons and our...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eTry Squarespace for \u003ca href='http://squarespace.com/MinuteEarth' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003efree\u003c/a\u003e And subscribe to \u003ca href='http://goo.gl/EpIDGd' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eMinuteEarth!\u003c/a\u003e As we try to figure out the evolutionary trees for languages and species, we sometimes get led astray by similar but unrelated words and traits. Thanks to our Patreon \u003ca href='https://www.patreon.com/MinuteEarth' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003epatrons\u003c/a\u003e and our YouTube sponsors. ___________________________________________ To learn more, start your googling with these keywords: Cladistics: A method of recreating evolutionary trees based on evidence about relationships. Etymology: The study of the origin of words and how they have changed throughout history. Convergent Evolution: A process whereby different species evolve similar traits in order to adapt to similar environments. Polyphyly: A group containing members with multiple ancestral sources. Homoplasy: A trait shared by a group of species that is not shared in their common ancestor. False Cognates: Pairs of words with similar sounds and meanings but unrelated etymologies. ___________________________________________ If you liked this week’s video, you might also like: A photographer who has taken amazing photos of unrelated people who look \u003ca href='http://mentalfloss.com/article/53774/photos-unrelated-people-who-look-exactly-alike' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003ealike\u003c/a\u003e _________________________________________ Support us on \u003ca href='https://goo.gl/ZVgLQZ' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003ePatreon\u003c/a\u003e And visit our \u003ca href='https://www.minuteearth.com/' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003ewebsite\u003c/a\u003e Say hello on \u003ca href='http://goo.gl/FpAvo6' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eFacebook\u003c/a\u003e And \u003ca href='http://goo.gl/Y1aWVC' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eTwitter\u003c/a\u003e And download our videos on \u003ca href='https://goo.gl/sfwS6n' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eitunes\u003c/a\u003e ___________________________________________ Credits (and Twitter handles): Script Writer: David Goldenberg (@dgoldenberg) Script Editor: Emily Elert (@eelert) Video Illustrator: Jessika Raisor Video Director: David Goldenberg, Emily Elert Video Narrator: Emily Elert With Contributions From: Henry Reich, Alex Reich, Kate Yoshida, Ever Salazar, Peter Reich Music by: Nathaniel \u003ca href='http://www.soundcloud.com/drschroeder' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eSchroeder\u003c/a\u003e Image Credits: Lappet-faced Vulture (Old World) - Steve \u003ca href='https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Torgos_tracheliotos_-Masai_Mara_National_Reserve,_Kenya-8.jpg' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eGarvie\u003c/a\u003e Turkey vulture (New World) - Flickr User \u003ca href='https://www.flickr.com/photos/minicooper93402/5440526260' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eminicooper93402\u003c/a\u003e Crested Porcupine (Old World) - Flickr user 57777529@\u003ca href='https://www.flickr.com/photos/57777529@N02/5398915634' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eN02\u003c/a\u003e North American Porcupine (New World) - iStock.com/\u003ca href='https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/north-american-porcupine-or-canadian-porcupine-or-common-porcupine-walking-gm515605852-88578399' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eGlobalP\u003c/a\u003e Chinchilla lanigera - Nicolas Guérin \u003ca href='https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chinchilla_lanigera_(Wroclaw_zoo)-2.JPG' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Naked Mole Rat - Roman \u003ca href='https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nacktmull.jpg' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eKlementschitz\u003c/a\u003e Ganges river dolphin - Zahangir Alom, NOAA (Public \u003ca href='https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Platanista_gangetica_noaa.jpg' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eDomain)\u003c/a\u003e Atlantic Spotted Dolphin - Flickr user 53344659@\u003ca href='https://www.flickr.com/photos/53344659@N05/4978423771/' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eN05\u003c/a\u003e Orcinus orcas - Robert Pittman, NOAA (Public \u003ca href='https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Killerwhales_jumping.jpg' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eDomain)\u003c/a\u003e Euphorbia obesa - Frank \u003ca href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:E_obesa_symmetrica_ies.jpg' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eVincentz\u003c/a\u003e Astrophytum asterias - David \u003ca href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Astrophytum_asterias1.jpg' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eMidgley\u003c/a\u003e Sweet William Dwarf - Nicholas M. \u003ca href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spring_Flowers.JPG' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eBashour\u003c/a\u003e ___________________________________________ References: Atkinson, Q. and Gray, R. (2005). Darimont, C., Fox, C., Bryan, H., and Reimchen, C. (2015). Curious Parallels and Curious Connections — Phylogenetic Thinking in Biology and Historical Linguistics. Systematic Biology. 54:5 (513-526). Retrieved \u003ca href='https://academic.oup.com/sysbio/article/54/4/513/2842862' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003efrom\u003c/a\u003e Atkinson, Quentin. (2018). Personal Communication. Department of Evolution and Human Behavior at the University of Auckland. Bennu, D. (2004). The Evolution of Birds: An Overview of the Avian Tree of Life. Lab Animal. 33 (42-28)). Retrieved \u003ca href='https://www.nature.com/articles/laban0504-42' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003efrom\u003c/a\u003e De La Fuente, J.(2010). Urban legends: Turkish kayık ‘boat’ and “Eskimo” qayaq ‘kayak’. Studia Linguistica. 127 (7-24). 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