{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Why Pets Have Surprisingly Small Brains' data-url='/boclips/videos/625f61f8a64f7d49f1b3f0b5' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/625f61f8a64f7d49f1b3f0b5' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nWhy Pets Have Surprisingly Small Brains\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30358007\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30358007\"\u003eMinuteEarth\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eThanks to 23andMe for sponsoring this video! If you live outside the US, click here When we domesticate an animal species, their brains shrink and they freak out less. Thanks also to our supporters on And to our SPONSORS on YouTube....\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eThanks to 23andMe for sponsoring this \u003ca href='http://www.23andme.com/minuteearth' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003evideo!\u003c/a\u003e If you live outside the US, click \u003ca href='https://www.23andme.com/' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e When we domesticate an animal species, their brains shrink and they freak out less. Thanks also to our supporters \u003ca href='https://www.patreon.com/MinuteEarth' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eon\u003c/a\u003e And to our SPONSORS on YouTube. ___________________________________________ To learn more, start your googling with these keywords: Domesticated animal: a species of animal bred by humans over generations to become nonreactive and gain characteristics suitable for life as a farm animal or pet Tame animal: an individual animal raised in a way that it has become less dangerous and frightened of people Feral animal: an animal that escapes from captivity or domestication (\u0026 regains some similar \u0026 some different characteristics compared to its pre-domesticated state) \"Fight or flight\": an instinctive physiological response to a threatening situation that readies a creature to either to resist forcibly or escape Limbic system: the brain’s “panic button” - a system of nerves and networks near the bottom of the cortex that controls basic emotions (e.g. fear, pleasure, anger) and drives (e.g. hunger, sex, dominance) Telencephalon: the most developed and anterior part of the forebrain, consisting chiefly of the cerebral hemispheres, and the brain region that shrinks most in domesticated animals Domestication: a sustained multigenerational, mutualistic relationship in which one species (e.g. humans) assumes a significant degree of influence over the reproduction and care of another species (e.g. cows) in order to secure a more predictable supply of a resource of interest (e.g. milk/meat/traction), and through which the domesticated organisms gain advantage over individuals that remain outside this relationship (e.g. aurochs, which went extinct), thereby benefitting and often increasing the fitness of both species involved ___________________________________________ If you liked this week’s video, you might also like: Brain Scoop video on brain size and \u003ca href='https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hJW8jIDfP9E' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eintelligence\u003c/a\u003e Russian Fox Domestication \u003ca href='https://goo.gl/5nWnXz' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eExperiment\u003c/a\u003e What happens to domesticated animals \u0026 their brains when they escape back to the \u003ca href='http://www.nature.com/news/when-chickens-go-wild-1.19195#/free%5C' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003ewild?\u003c/a\u003e _________________________________________ Subscribe to MinuteEarth on \u003ca href='http://goo.gl/EpIDGd' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eYouTube\u003c/a\u003e Support us on \u003ca href='https://goo.gl/ZVgLQZ' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003ePatreon\u003c/a\u003e And visit our \u003ca href='https://www.minuteearth.com/' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003ewebsite\u003c/a\u003e Say hello on \u003ca href='http://goo.gl/FpAvo6' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eFacebook\u003c/a\u003e And \u003ca href='http://goo.gl/Y1aWVC' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eTwitter\u003c/a\u003e And download our videos on \u003ca href='https://goo.gl/sfwS6n' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eitunes\u003c/a\u003e ___________________________________________ Credits (and Twitter handles): Script Writer: Alex Reich (@alexhreich) Script Editor: Emily Elert (@eelert) Video Illustrator: Keenan Parry \u0026 Ever Salazar (@unpuntocircular) Video Director: Emily Elert (@eelert) Video Narrator: Emily Elert (@eelert) With Contributions From: Henry Reich, Kate Yoshida, Ever Salazar, Peter Reich, David Goldenberg Music by: Nathaniel \u003ca href='http://www.soundcloud.com/drschroeder' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eSchroeder\u003c/a\u003e ___________________________________________ References: Agnvall, B. et al. 2017. Is evolution of domestication driven by tameness? A selective review with focus on chickens. Applied Animal Behaviour \u003ca href='https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2017.09.006' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eScience.\u003c/a\u003e Eberhard, W. G., \u0026 Wcislo, W. T. 2011. Grade changes in brain-body allometry: morphological and behavioural correlates of brain size in miniature spiders, insects and other invertebrates. Advances in Insect Physiology, 40, \u003ca href='http://www.stri.si.edu/sites/publications/PDFs/2011_Eberhard_Wcislo_AdvIns_Physiol.pdf' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003e155.\u003c/a\u003e Kruska, D. C. 2005. On the evolutionary significance of encephalization in some eutherian mammals: effects of adaptive radiation, domestication, and feralization. Brain, behavior and evolution, 65(2), 73-\u003ca href='https://goo.gl/J86NEd' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003e108.\u003c/a\u003e Kruska, D. C. Personal Communication, Oct 2017. Marchetti, M. P., \u0026 Nevitt, G. A. 2003. Effects of hatchery rearing on brain structures of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Environmental biology of Fishes, 66(1), 9-\u003ca href='https://goo.gl/GL6LWG' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003e14.\u003c/a\u003e Marchetti, M. Personal Communication, Oct 2017. Wright, D. Personal Communication, Oct 2017. Zeder, M. A. 2012. Pathways to animal domestication. Biodiversity in agriculture: Domestication, evolution and sustainability, 227-\u003ca href='https://goo.gl/2xWSB8' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003e259.\u003c/a\u003e Zeder, M. A. 2015. Core questions in domestication research. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(11), 3191-\u003ca href='http://www.pnas.org/content/112/11/3191.full' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003e3198.\u003c/a\u003e Zeder, M. A. 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