{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Tutorial 05: Understanding Variables: Arduino Course for Absolute Beginners (ReM)' data-url='/boclips/videos/62a0e48743c83676dc4934c0' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/62a0e48743c83676dc4934c0' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nTutorial 05: Understanding Variables: Arduino Course for Absolute Beginners (ReM)\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30358947\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30358947\"\u003eProgramming Electronics Academy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eLets have a discussion about a powerful and semi-confusing programming topic - variables.A variable is like a bucket.   You choose what types of stuff you want in the bucket and can change the contents as often as you like.  When you...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eLets have a discussion about a powerful and semi-confusing programming topic - variables.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eA variable is like a bucket.   You choose what types of stuff you want in the bucket and can change the contents as often as you like.  When you declare a variable, you are telling the program two things, firstly - what types of things you plan to put in the bucket, and secondly, what the name of the bucket is so you can refer to it later.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eIf you tell the program you will be putting fluids in the bucket, than you can go all day filling it with beer, water, and iced tea - but the second you try to fill it with rocks, the compiler will call you out on your discrepancy.   Only fluids go in a bucket declared for fluids.  To declare a variable, you write the type of contents it will hold followed by the name:\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003efluid bucketVariable;\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eNotice in the above declaration statement that the word fluid is a different color - that is because Arduino knows variable data types - and they get a special color to reduce confusion and of course, because they are cool.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThere are several types of variable data types you can declare.  In this lesson we will discuss the integer data type.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eYou probably know that an integer is a whole number (no decimals).  For Arduino an integer is a number from -32,768 to 32,767.  If you try to put a number bigger than that into an integer variable, the value will roll over to the opposite side like a game of Pac Man.  If you add 5 to 32,767, you would get -32,764. If you subtracted 5 from -32,768 you would get 32,763.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eInteger is abbreviated int.  Since an integer is an Arduino data type, it will change color to an orange.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eint led;  // an integer variable called led.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe name of the variable can be whatever you want with certain restrictions. There are also a couple good conventions to follow...\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe variable name should be descriptive of its function, for example the ledPin variable could be the pin number that you put your LED into on your Arduino board.\u003cbr/\u003eBy convention, most variables start lowercase.\u003cbr/\u003eVariable names cannot be the same as keyword names.\u003cbr/\u003eNow what if we want to put something in the bucket?  Well we assign a value to the variable.  When we first assign the value, it is called initialization, and we use the equal sign to do so.  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