{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Do the Past, Present, and Future Exist at the Same Time? Exploring the Nature of Time' data-url='/boclips/videos/689565b61e1ee9ae17f8fc10' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/689565b61e1ee9ae17f8fc10' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nDo the Past, Present, and Future Exist at the Same Time? Exploring the Nature of Time\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eIs time an illusion?  If not, what is time? Why does time flow forward? You are watching this video. Your brain cells are firing in anticipation.  A story is unfolding.  Time is moving forward.  Or is it? What if I told you that nothing...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eIs time an illusion?  If not, what is time? Why does time flow forward? You are watching this video. Your brain cells are firing in anticipation.  A story is unfolding.  Time is moving forward.  Or is it? What if I told you that nothing is happening.  There is no story unfolding.  The story has already been told.  The video has already been uploaded and seen by others.  You are just watching it one second at a time, so there is a story unfolding for you only. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eWhat if your entire life was like this video upload, like a DVD.  The story of your life is already on that DVD.  The only difference is that you don’t have a forward and reverse button.  You are forced to experience your DVD one moment at a time.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThere is some strong scientific evidence that this may be the true nature of reality.  If so, that could mean that everything you think you know is utterly an illusion.  Einstein’s theory of relativity supports something called the block universe, which is really a four dimensional space time structure.  This means that every event has its own coordinates not only in space but in time.  So for example, wherever you are right now corresponds to a location in 3 dimensions, like London, England - and a location in time, 2PM on Feb 2, 2019. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eBut just like the space 10 feet ahead of you is as real as the space 10 feet behind you, so too is the moment 10 minutes into the future and 10 minutes into the past.  In other words, the past and future exist just as much as the present. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eMIT physicist Max Tegmark says we can view the universe as a three dimensional space where stuff happens, or four dimensional block universe where nothing happens.  If it is the latter, he says, then change is really an illusion, because nothing is changing.  It’s all there – past, present and future – like a DVD.  A drama maybe unfolding in the movie recorded on the dvd, but nothing about the DVD is changing in any way.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eWe may have the illusion, at any given moment, that the past already happened and the future doesn't yet exist, and that things are changing. But the only reason we may have a past is that our brain contains memories of the past.  If we did not have any memories, would we have any sense of the past, or of a sense of time at all?\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eIs it possible that time doesn’t actually exist except through our perception of it?  \u003cbr/\u003ePhysics doesn’t help us when it comes to the arrow of time – it is time-agnostic. If time was running backwards, all the equations would still be valid.  So mathematically, physics does not say that time goes forward or backward.  It just says that time Time can not be zero, but it can run either forward or backward without violating any laws. Time is symmetric.    \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eBut this is counterintuitive.  Reality seems to be telling us that time does exist, and that its arrow points in only one direction - forward.  \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eWhy doesn’t the arrow of time flow backward, if physics says it is equally likely.  \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eIt would have been possible if it were not for one aspect of physics, and that is the law of entropy.  \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eEntropy is a measure of the disorderliness of the universe.  Things always get more disorderly.  You can scramble and egg, but you can’t unscramble it.  This is entropy increasing.  Entropy appears to be the only reason the arrow of time is what it is. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eBut why is Entropy always becoming higher?  Why doesn’t it become lower?  \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThere doesn’t appear to be any fundamental reason for that.  \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eAlan Guth, professor at MIT, who pioneered the idea of cosmic inflation, may have solved this riddle.  He argues that information and entropy are almost the same thing.  In order to know your past, you have to form memories. Adding memories means adding information.  Adding information increases entropy.  Therefore a conscious system can only be conscious in one direction – when entropy increases, which allows information to increase.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThis implies that we are conscious because we live in a universe of increasing entropy.  Consciousness cannot exist in a universe where entropy decreases.  \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eSo if entropy has been increasing since the beginning of time, it means that the universe must have started at the lowest possible state of entropy at the beginning…at the big bang.  \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eWhy then did the universe start off this way, resulting in forward time?\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eAlan Guth says that if the universe is infinitely large, then the total potential entropy of the universe is infinite.  If that is the case, then any entropy you start with is low entropy.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe entropy will increase from any given starting point he says.  This means that it doesn’t matter what the entropy of the big bang was, it would always be the lowest entropy, because there will always be a larger entropy number that the universe can flow to.  \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eAnd seemingly, we exist because time has flowed in a favorable direction for causality to occur, namely, it has flowed forward in our universe. \u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='resource-details-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='resource-details-heading'\u003eResource Details\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv 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topic\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv class='classroom-considerations'\u003e\u003cdiv class='fai fa-solid fa-bell'\u003e\u003c/div\u003eVideo is ad-free\u003c/div\u003e \n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='educator-ratings-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title sr-only' id='educator-ratings-heading'\u003eEducator Ratings\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"educator-ratings-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"all-educator-ratings-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"educator-rating-form-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Show resource details' class='rp-show-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nShow resource details\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Video player' class='player' id='player-wrapper' role='region'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='relative container mx-auto' 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