Curated Video
Greenhouse effect
The effect caused by some atmospheric gases trapping heat close to a planet's surface. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science...
Curated Video
Interference
The effect that happens when two waves travelling through the same space meet. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science Glossary...
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Doppler Shift: Frequency and Motion
A change in the observed frequency of a wave when it is emitted from a moving object and observed from a stationary point, or vice versa. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images...
Curated Video
Refraction
The change in direction of a wave caused by its change in velocity, as it moves from one medium into another. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual...
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The Moon and Its Effect On Life
The cycles of the Moon are said to affect reproductive rhythms, from humans to coral. How could this be? Physics - Our Solar System - Learning Points. The Moon exerts a strong influence over life cycles on Earth. Cycles of the Moon have...
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A History of Mass Extinctions
The cause and impacts of the five mass extinction events in Earth's history, and predictions for a sixth which could end human life. Biology - Adaptation And Evolution - Learning Points. Is Earth experiencing its six mass extinction, as...
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Global Dimming
Even though the planet is warming, the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface is decreasing. What is causing this, and what effect does it have? Earth Science - Human Impacts - Learning Points. Global dimming is the reduction in...
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Harmful Drugs
Some drugs are used recreationally, with potentially harmful consequences. Find out which drugs are used inappropriately and the harm they can cause. Biology - Healthy Living - Learning Points. Drugs affect the chemical processes in our...
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Mind Control
When the largest study ever asked whether humans could control machines with their minds, the results were surprising. But aside from study size, were these astounding results significant? Maths - Statistics And Probability A Twig Math...
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Coriolis Effect
What is the Coriolis effect? How is it produced and how does it affect our weather? Earth Science - Weather - Learning Points. The way wind blows determines thunderstorms to hurricanes. The Coriolis Effect is a deflection of moving mass...
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Biotic Factors in Ecosystems
What happens if you change the living factors of an ecosystem? Discover the effect of removing predators or introducing a new species into a habitat. Biology - Ecosystems - Learning Points. The smallest change can tip the balance of the...
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Clathrate Gun Hypothesis
The largest volumes of methane on Earth are frozen deep underground. Learn how global warming could melt these stores and start the irreversible process predicted by the Clathrate Gun Hypothesis. Earth Science - Human Impacts - Learning...
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Moore's Law
Computing technology has developed at a phenomenal rate in recent decades – what would once fill an entire room can now be held in the palm of your hand. So how was Moore's Law able to predict this over 50 years ago? Physics -...
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Climate Models
Predicting the future of Earth's climate is a daunting task. How are complex climate models calculated, taking chaos theory into account? Earth Science - Human Impacts - Learning Points. Climate models use data to calculate the...
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Doppler Shift: Sound Discovery
How a unique but simple experiment in the 19th century gave a new insight into the behaviour of sound waves. Physics - Waves - Learning Points. The Doppler Effect is when the pitch of a sound seems to change as it moves past. The...
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Ferrofluids
We compare the properties of three iron mixtures: iron and water, iron and oil and a ferrofluid - a mixture of compounds containing iron and oil. First, we look at how iron filings behave when mixed with water and then oil. We then hold...
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Stomach Acid and Antacid
We use the enzyme pepsin and hydrochloric acid to simulate the conditions within the stomach in two boiling tubes. Cooked egg whites are ground and added to two boiling tubes of hydrochloric acid, but one is mixed with a crushed antacid...
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Van de Graaff Generator
We use a Van de Graaff generator to investigate static electricity. The generator is turned on and we see a spark move between the two domes. We then place a wig on the main dome and see the hair rise as the charge builds and the hairs...
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Agar Cube Diffusion
We use coloured agar cubes to see how different shapes change the rate of diffusion. The cubes are made using sodium hydroxide and phenolphthalein indicator to give them a pink colour. When these are added to hydrochloric acid, the...
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Mass Tourism: Case Study
Tourism is now a major industry in Thailand due to its rich culture and exotic climate. However, mass tourism puts extraordinary pressure on local resources and creates problems of overcrowding and pollution. How can Thailand manage...
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Inventions to Save the Planet
Discover some geo-engineering techniques that scientists are developing to manipulate Earth's climate. What are they and how would they work? Earth Science - Human Impacts - Learning Points. Geo-engineering strives to use technology to...
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The Moon and Spring Tides
How the Moon affects daily tides and drives extreme spring tides, when the Sun and Moon align. Physics - Our Solar System - Learning Points. The Moon creates and controls the tides. Its gravitational pull causes ocean water to bulge...
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Glaciers - Moving Ice Masses
Glaciers are a destructive force, moving slowly across landscapes, reshaping them as they go. Earth Science - Geology - Learning Points. Over three-quarters of Earth's fresh water is locked in frozen reservoirs, known as glaciers....
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Salt: Salt and Ice
Salt is routinely used to melt snow and ice on winter roads. But what is happening at the molecular level to cause this helpful change of state? Chemistry - Atoms And Bonding - Learning Points. When salt is added to water it lowers the...