This online reproduction of the original 1913 text by Gardner W. Allen is organized chronologically beginning in 1775 and ending with 1783. An appendix includes source citations, a list of vessels, officers, privateers and other...

Native Americans inhabited the New World long before European explorers began establishing settlements on the land. This entry addresses the challenges the natives had to face upon Europe's arrival, trials in relationships, and how...

Details Russian expansion across Asia, over the Bering Strait to Alaska, and then down the coast to California. Their settlement, relations with the Spanish, life in Ft. Ross, and departure are chronicled here.