Curated Video
The Nature of Chemical Bonds: How Electronegativity Shapes Them
Electronegativity differences between atoms determine the type of bond: ionic bonds form when the difference is large, while covalent bonds form with similar electronegativity.
Curated Video
Kossel-Lewis Theory: The Foundations of Chemical Bonding
The Kossel-Lewis approach introduced the concept of ionic and covalent bonds. It emphasizes the role of electron transfer or sharing between atoms to achieve noble gas configurations
Curated Video
Electronic Theory of Valency: The Key to Bond Formation
This theory states that valency arises from the tendency of atoms to achieve a stable electronic configuration by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons to form bonds
Science ABC
What Are Valence Electrons And How To Find Them?
Valence electrons are the electrons that are located in the outermost shell of an atom. In other words, these are the electrons that can be gained or lost during a chemical reaction. In order to determine the number of valence electrons...
Science ABC
What Are The Different Atomic Models? Dalton, Rutherford, Bohr and Heisenberg Models Explained
Atomic Models: Centuries ago, people didn’t know exactly what was inside an atom, but they had some “ideas”. Around 400 BC, a Greek philosopher named Democritus came up with a theory that everything in the world was made of tiny...
Science ABC
Resonance (Chemistry) Explained in Simple Words with Examples
Resonance is a way of describing delocalized electrons within certain molecules where a single Lewis formula cannot express the bonding. To understand resonance in chemistry, you need to first understand covalent bonds, sigma and pi...
Science ABC
Quantum Physics: Here’s Why Movies Always Get It Wrong
Quantum physics deals with the foundation of our world – the electrons in an atom, the protons inside the nucleus, the quarks that build those protons, and the photons that we perceive as light. These constitute everything that we are...
Science ABC
Photoelectric Effect Explained in Simple Words for Beginners
Photoelectric effect occurs when electromagnetic radiation above the threshold frequency of the given metallic surface, strikes the surface and releases electrons from it. This happens because light is made of massless particles called...
Science ABC
Particle accelerators: What are they, how do they work and why are they important to us?
A particle accelerator is a machine that accelerates particles. More specifically, it accelerates elementary particles, like protons and electrons, at extremely high speeds—almost 99.99% of the speed of light. These particles are then...
Science ABC
Is The Fulminated Mercury Scene From Breaking Bad Scientifically Accurate?
While it is true that a crystal of mercury fulminate would explode when slammed to the floor, the crystal depicted in the show Breaking Bad did not accurately represent the appearance of mercury fulminate. Commercial-grade mercury...
Science ABC
How Does a Polaroid Camera Work?
Polaroid pictures work by using a light-sensitive film that is exposed to the incoming light of the scene you wish to capture. The film is then developed in a matter of seconds, producing a negative image. To create the final, positive...
Science ABC
Does Discharging Battery Completely Before Recharging It Again Improves Battery Life?
It may seem counterintuitive, but draining the battery to 0 to 1% before recharging it again, is not a good practice. One simple hack to improve your battery life (for Li-ion batteries) is to use the 80:20 rule. Charge your battery to...
Science ABC
Cellular Respiration: How Do Cells Get Energy?
Cellular respiration is the process through which the cell generates energy, in the form of ATP, using food and oxygen. The is a multistep biochemical process where food, primarily the carbohydrate glucose, is broken down to produce...
Science ABC
Can You Make Water in a Lab?
It is not as easy to manufacture water as it appears. Combining hydrogen and oxygen atoms—the two constituents of water—releases tremendous energy. When combined chemically, these highly flammable gases produce large explosions, as...
Science ABC
Can Fire Burn When There’s No Oxygen?
Yes, fire can burn without oxygen. While oxygen is an important oxidizing agent for combustion, it is not the only one. There are alternative oxidizers such as chlorine, fluorine, and bromine that can also support burning. Furthermore,...
Science ABC
What Is The Smallest Particle We Know?
We have built beautiful particle accelerators in the search for particles that are even more elementary than electrons, protons, and neutrons. The accelerators smash subatomic particles at enormous speeds, which causes them to shatter...
Science ABC
Quantum Entanglement: Explained in REALLY SIMPLE Words
Quantum entanglement is a physical resource, like energy, that is possible between quantum systems. When a coin spins on a flat surface, its in a state of superposition between its two faceshead and tails. Similarly, electrons in their...
Science ABC
Which Is The Most Reactive Element In The Periodic Table?
The reactivity of an element is a function of how easily an element loses or gains electrons. To determine an element's reactivity, we can learn a lot from the periodic table, and its particular trends. The first element in the halogen...
Curated Video
Why does chemistry happen?! Element Stability and the Octet Rule!
Why does chemistry happen?? Why do ions form?? Why do elements bond together?? These are all important questions and the answer comes back to one very important principle in chemistry and that is element stability. Elements are stable...
Curated Video
Valence Electrons & Lewis Dot Diagrams - what are they and how do I draw them?
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom. They are important because they are involved in the chemical bonding of our elements which helps determine the reactivity of elements. In order to be stable,...
Curated Video
Covalent bond
A strong chemical bond formed when atoms share pairs of electrons, forming molecules. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science...
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Reactivity
The tendency of a substance to undergo chemical reactions. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science Glossary Films reinforce...
Curated Video
Ion
An atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, and so has an electrical charge. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig...
Curated Video
Electron shell
An orbit around the nucleus of an atom that can be occupied by one or more electrons. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science...