In this video Paul Andersen details the waves in electromagnetic radiation. There is an inverse relation between the wavelength and frequency of electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic radiation includes gamma rays, x-rays, infrared...

What is the purpose of light? How does light work? Why does Light exist? There had been a controversy about whether light was particles or waves. Albert Einstein showed that light must come in discrete packets of energy which today we...

Are Neutrinos useless? Would we exist without neutrinos? What are neutrinos? And what purpose do they serve? Where do Neutrinos come from? They are the second most abundant particles after photons. They do not carry a charge, and they...

Stars represent a celestial battle of two opposing forces, gravity trying to collapse the star, and radiation pressure trying to explode the star. But it comes to an end close to the time that it runs out of fuel. Gravity then collapses...

The scale of the universe is bigger than you can imagine. It is also smaller than you can imagine. The smallest lenth theorized to be possible, the Planck length is about 4 X 10^-35 meters. Just imagine things that are about the size of...

If we look as far out as possible, we would see a uniform glow of low level radiation in all directions. This is called the cosmic microwave background, or CMB. It is the oldest light in the universe. And it can tell us a lot about its...

Hawking radiation,Black-Hole Evaporation and black hole explosions! Stephen Hawking theorized that a black hole may not be so black. He showed that when you apply the laws of quantum mechanics to classical physics, you find that they...

SUMMARY The universe is full of opposing forces balanced in a celestial tug-of-war, until they sometimes aren’t. In stars, the two opposing forces are gravity which tries to collapse the star inward, and outward pressure due to the...

In this video, I summarize All Nuclear Physics in about 10 minutes. Atoms are made of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons. The nuclei of atoms are made up of protons and neutrons. These are called...

On April 27, 1961, NASA launched Explorer 11, a satellite that contained the first gamma ray telescope to go to space. This marked the birth of space-based gamma ray astronomy. Gamma rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation and have...

Thomson's Plum Pudding Model and Radioactivity Discovery Background: • Atoms were previously thought to be indivisible particles, as proposed by John Dalton. • The discovery of the electron, a subatomic particle, required a new model to...

Radio Astronomers discovered hundreds of Quasars hiding in our galaxy.

Neutron stars are formed from the core of some starrs. Neutron stars generally have a radius of only around 12 km. With masses exceeding 1.4 times that of the Sun, these are some of the densest objects in the Universe. A tablespoonful of...

Chernobyl is an HBO mini-series that reintroduced the world to the nuclear catastrophe that occurred on April 26th, 1986 at the Chernobyl nuclear reactor in the Soviet Union, in what is now Ukraine. The series followed the tragedy that...

Hawking radiation was first discovered by English scientist Stephen Hawking in 1974. Prior to this discovery, our knowledge of black holes was very limited. It was believed that black holes were completely black and that they did not...

The complete range of wavelengths, considered as a continuum, of all kinds of electromagnetic radiation. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions....

Highly charged particles, originating from outer space. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science Glossary Films reinforce abstract...

The emission of particles as a result of the spontaneous decay of atomic nuclei. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science Glossary...

Telescopes have enabled us to truly see the wonders of the Universe. Who invented them and how have they developed throughout history? Physics - Universe - Learning Points. The first optical telescopes were made around 1608. Early...

What is radioactivity? Explore the difference between alpha, beta and gamma radiation and how their different properties can make them useful. Physics - Energy And Radioactivity - Learning Points. Radioactivity is the nuclear decay of...

The properties of high frequency electromagnetic radiation are incredibly important in the world of medicine, allowing physicians to look inside the human body and even combat cancer. Physics - Waves - Learning Points. X-rays and gamma...

The range of electromagnetic radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum is huge. Where does this radiation come from and how do the frequencies and wavelengths vary? Physics - Waves - Learning Points. Electromagnetic radiation is all...

From radio waves to gamma rays, the electromagnetic spectrum is useful in different ways. How does this radiation differ and how can they be used? Physics - Waves - Learning Points. Electromagnetic radiation exists along a continuous...

We know that Mars once had a landscape with oceans and rivers, but what happened to it? Physics - Universe - Learning Points. Although Mars is a freezing dry world today, it is thought the planet was once like Earth. If liquid water once...