In this video Paul Andersen explains how the quantum mechanical model of the atom refined the shell model. Uncertainty of the position of the electron as well as spin forces chemists to create an improved model. In this model the...

Why do certain elements have similar properties? Because of the way electrons are arranged around the nucleus of atoms. But why are electrons arranged specifically in certain orbitals and shells? The structure of...

Wolfgang Pauli's Exclusion Principle, developed in 1925, is a crucial concept in quantum mechanics. It states that two electrons in the same atom cannot have the same set of quantum numbers, which are the principal quantum number (𝑻n),...

The principal quantum number (𝑛) is a fundamental parameter in quantum mechanics that determines the size and energy level of an electron's orbit within an atom. It is a positive integer that represents the main energy level or...

Characterised by the symbol 𝑙l, the azimuthal quantum number is a fundamental parameter in quantum mechanics that describes the angular momentum and form of an electron's orbital within an atom. The integer values it accepts range from...

The magnetic quantum number  abbreviated as m  represents the orbital orientation of an electron in a given energy level and sublevel. Here's a thorough rundown:
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Azimuthal...

An important idea in atomic theory is the Aufbau Principle, which shows how electrons are arranged in an atom. It says that electrons fill atomic orbitals from least energetic to most energetic, starting with the least...

Valence electrons are the electrons that are located in the outermost shell of an atom. In other words, these are the electrons that can be gained or lost during a chemical reaction. In order to determine the number of valence electrons...

Quantum entanglement is a physical resource, like energy, that is possible between quantum systems. When a coin spins on a flat surface, its in a state of superposition between its two faceshead and tails. Similarly, electrons in their...

Quantum entanglement is a physical resource, like energy, that is possible between quantum systems. When a coin spins on a flat surface, it’s in a state of superposition between its two faces—head and tails. Similarly, electrons in their...

Everyone has trouble with electron configurations and quantum numbers. Well today we are going to settle the score with a little practice!

Practice REAL problems from actual past IIT/JEE exams with Professor Dave!

With the Bohr model we start to get a better sense of the nature of matter, particularly the way light interacts with atomic matter such that we can see it. But how do we do calculations regarding these interactions? Let's practice now!

It Explains the quantum mechanical model and Schrodinger wave equation

Orbitals! Oh no. They're so weird. Don't worry, nobody understands these in first-year chemistry. You just pretend to, and then in second-year you learn them a little better, the following year a little better, and once you have a PhD...

This nugget gives idea about Aufbau Principle, n+l rule, Pauli's Exclusion Principle and Hund's Rule.