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Substitution Reactions - SN1 and SN2 Mechanisms - Crash Course Organic Chemistry
We’ve already learned a bit about substitution reactions in organic chemistry and the two different paths they can follow: SN1 and SN2. In order to better predict the products of a substitution reaction and understand how they work, we...
SciShow
How Aspirin Changed Medicine Forever
Aspirin isn't just an old medicine cabinet stand-by, it's one of the oldest medicines we humans learned how to make ourselves. And our research into aspirin did more than just make it better at relieving pain, it opened the door to whole...
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Enols and Enolates - Reactivity, Halogenation, and Alkylation: Crash Course Organic Chemistry
You may know that cows produce methane, which is a big concern when it comes to global heating, but did you know that organic chemistry provides a potential solution to this problem? Feeding cows small amounts of red seaweed can greatly...
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Nucleophiles and Electrophiles - Crash Course Organic Chemistry
Organic reactions are kind of like carefully choreographed fight scenes, and nucleophilic attack is a key move. This episode of Crash Course Organic Chemistry is all about nucleophiles and electrophiles, or what happens at those...
Crash Course
Alkyne Reactions Tautomerization - Crash Course Organic Chemistry
Carbon-carbon double bonds are pretty common in nature, but triple bonds between carbons, called alkynes, are not. When alkynes do pop up in nature, it’s usually in a compound that’s toxic to humans, however, we can synthesize alkynes...
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Radical Reactions Hammonds Postulate - Crash Course Organic Chemistry
Throughout this series we’ve mostly talked about pairs of electrons, but electrons don’t always have a buddy. An atom or group of atoms with a single unpaired electron is called a radical. In this episode of Crash Course Organic...
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More Stereochemical Relationships - Crash Course Organic Chemistry
Enantiomers have almost all the same chemical and physical properties, so it can be tough to separate them. But it’s still super important that we know how to tell them apart! In this episode of Crash Course Organic Chemistry, we’ll...
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Stereochemistry - Crash Course Organic Chemistry
The shape of molecules is super important to life as we know it. In this episode of Crash Course Organic Chemistry we’re learning about stereochemistry and how to identify molecules as chiral or achiral. And as always, we’ll be doing a...
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Synthesis, Distillation, & Recrystallization: Crash Course Organic Chemistry
We’re going back to the lab! So far we’ve learned some important lab techniques that organic chemists might use day to day, like chromatography and proton NMR, but there are even more to learn. In this episode of Crash Course Organic...
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Intro to Reaction Mechanisms - Crash Course Organic Chemistry
When we venture to new places, we need navigational tools to guide us. In organic chemistry, those are reaction mechanisms! In this episode of Crash Course Organic Chemistry, we’ll learn all about how to write reaction mechanisms. Having...
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More Organic Nomenclature Heteroatom Functional Groups - Crash Course Organic Chemistry
Oxygen is pretty dang amazing! Some of the most intensely studied functional groups in organic chemistry have oxygen atoms. In this episode of Crash Course Organic Chemistry, we're building on the last episode's discussion of...
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E Z Alkenes Electrophilic Addition Carbocations - Crash Course Organic Chemistry
Alkenes are an important type of molecule in organic chemistry that we’re going to see a lot more of in this series. But before we can really get into the many cool reactions alkenes do, we need to go over some of the basics. In this...
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Carboxylic Acid Derivatives & Hydrolysis Reactions: Crash Course Organic Chemistry
Esters have a wide range of uses, from giving perfumes and colognes their fragrances, to preventing diseases like scurvy. Vitamin C, that scurvy preventing antioxidant, is derived from carboxylic acids, a class of organic compounds we’ve...
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Polarity Resonance and Electron Pushing - Crash Course Organic Chemistry
We’ve all heard the phrase “opposites attract.” It may or may not be true for people, but it’s definitely true in organic chemistry. In this episode of Crash Course Organic Chemistry, we’re learning about electronegativity, polarity,...
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Aromaticity, Hückel's Rule, and Chemical Equivalence in NMR: Crash Course Organic Chemistry
If you’ve been paying attention so far in this series, you’ve probably heard of benzene. This molecule is flat, cyclic, and belongs to a special class of compounds known as aromatics. In this episode of Crash Course Organic Chemistry,...
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More EAS - Electron Donating and Withdrawing Groups: Crash Course Organic Chemistry
In the previous episode we discussed what happens when we use electrophilic aromatic substitution to add a group to a benzene ring, but what happens when you try to add even more groups? Well, things get a little more complicated. In...
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Carboxylic Acids: Crash Course Organic Chemistry
What do the smells of feet, armpits, vomit, and goats all have in common? (Besides being super gross…) Carboxylic acids! Despite being responsible for some of our least favorite odors, carboxylic acids are also super useful in organic...
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Hydrocarbon Derivatives - Crash Course Chemistry
Functional groups? Functional groups within functional groups? Hank takes today's Crash Course video to discuss some confusing ideas about Hydrocarbon Derivatives, but then makes it all make more sense.
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Table of Contents
Alcohols...
Crash Course
More EAS & Benzylic Reactions: Crash Course Organic Chemistry
We’ve already learned a lot about electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS) and benzene, but guess what? There’s even more to learn! In this episode of Crash Course Organic Chemistry we’ll revisit our old friends the Friedel-Crafts...
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Polymer Chemistry: Crash Course Organic Chemistry
So far in this series we’ve focused on molecules with tens of atoms in them, but in organic chemistry molecules can get way bigger! Polymers are molecules that contain hundreds, thousands, or even millions of identical subunits. In this...
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The Basics of Organic Nomenclature - Crash Course Organic Chemistry
Language is complicated, especially in organic chemistry. This episode of Crash Course Organic Chemistry is all about nomenclature. We'll dive into IUPAC systematic naming of organic molecules, and get to practice with the help of three...
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Alcohols, Ethers, and Epoxides: Crash Course Organic Chemistry
What comes to mind when you think of alcohol? Probably alcoholic drinks like beer or wine. But in organic chemistry alcohols are an important and versatile family of compounds. In this episode of Crash Course Organic Chemistry, we’ll use...
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Carboxylic Acid Derivatives - Interconversion & Organometallics: Crash Course Organic Chemistry
We get it, learning so many different organic reactions is probably giving you a headache, but hopefully this episode can help! We’re getting even deeper into carboxylic acid derivatives, some of which are used in common headache...
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Amines: Crash Course Organic Chemistry
Did you know that the fishier a fish smells, the longer it’s been out of the water? This is due to a chemical called trimethylamine, which is an amine, the class of organic compounds we’re discussing in this episode! Although they tend...