In the penultimate episode of Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology, Hank explains your adaptive immune system. The adaptive immune system's humoral response guards extracellular terrain against pathogens. Hank also explains B cells,...

Forget lab rats — meet the Chinese or striped-back hamster, an unassuming little rodent whose role in research over the years has led to breakthroughs in genetics, pharmaceutics and more!

Now that we've talked about your blood vessels, we're going to zoom in a little closer and talk about your blood itself. We'll start by outlining the basic components of blood -- including erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, and plasma...

Paul Andersen explains the importance of blood types in blood transfusions. He starts with a brief discussion of blood antigens and antibodies. He describes how the ABO differs from the Rh blood type. He shows you how to solve simple...

A new virus emerges and spreads like wildfire. In order to contain it, researchers must first collect data about who's been infected. Two main viral testing techniques are critical: one tells you if you have the virus and the other shows...

Paul Andersen describes how plants and animals defend themselves against pathogens. He begins by discussing the hypersensitive response in plants as a nonspecific form of immune response. He then discusses both the humoral and...

In the second half of our look at the endocrine system, Hank discusses chemical homeostasis and hormone cascades. Specifically, he looks at the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis, or HPT axis, and all the ways your body can suffer...

For some women, a simple shot during pregnancy and then right after labor can prevent a huge amount of suffering for both parents and future children. So what happens when there’s a shortage that prevents that shot from happening?

We're very clearly in favor of vaccines here at Healthcare Triage, because they save a LOT of lives. It turns out, the measles vaccine was doing more than we previously thought. Getting infected with measles doesn't only make you sick,...

If you've had coronavirus, are you immune or can you catch it again? What's this I hear about Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome? And does hydroxychloroquine work or not? Aaron talks you through the studies and facts about some of the...

This animation provides background on coronaviruses and COVID-19. The animations shows what happens inside the body when someone gets COVID-19, the novel coronavirus.

Blood grouping is based on the presence of A and B antigens on red blood cells and their corresponding antibodies in the serum. Blood type A has A antigen and anti-B antibodies; type B has B antigen and anti-A; type AB has both antigens...

This video explains the difference between plasma serum and antiserum.

The Rh factor is a protein found on red blood cells; individuals with it are Rh positive, while those without are Rh negative, and it is inherited genetically. Rh incompatibility occurs during pregnancy if an Rh-negative mother carries...

With T cells thoroughly covered, let's move on to B cells and antibodies, which are the central elements of humoral immunity. How do B cells develop? What are antibodies, how many kinds are there, and what do they do? Let's get a quick...

This video explains how vaccines have played a crucial role in eradicating deadly diseases throughout history, using the example of polio. It highlights the way vaccines work by training the immune system to create antibodies, leading to...

There are many things to keep in mind when choosing your life partner. One such thing is the blood group. We don’t think of this at first, but differences in blood groups can lead to complications. More specifically, these problems can...

The gut microbiome are the trillions of microorganisms – primarily bacteria, but also fungi, viruses and protists – that live inside your digestive system. Scientists are discovering that these microbes are vital for us to live healthy...

In this video, the teacher explains the concept of acceptance and its importance in our lives. They discuss empathy, resistance, and the benefits of accepting things that cannot be changed. The teacher also introduces the practice of...

How the contagious and lethal smallpox virus was finally eradicated - 150 years after the first chance to prevent a global outbreak was missed. Biology - Cells And DNA - Learning Points. Smallpox is an acute, contagious disease - one of...

Antibodies combat some of the strongest foreign invaders that enter your body. What are antibodies and how do they work? Biology - Cells And DNA - Learning Points. Whenever a germ or infection enters our body, white blood cells,...

After a rigorous examination of all the components of the innate system, it's finally time to pivot over to the adaptive immune system. If you thought innate immunity was impressive, get ready to be amazed! Adaptive immunity is one of...

Respiratory syncytial virus, or RSV, strikes fear into the hearts of parents, especially those with very young babies. It’s not very kind to other compromised populations, either. We’ve been working toward a vaccine for a long time, and...

For some women, a simple shot during pregnancy and then right after labor can prevent a huge amount of suffering for both parents and future children. So what happens when there’s a shortage that prevents that shot from happening?