A cold and stable Antarctic vortex supported the development of the 12th-largest ozone hole on record in 2020. The hole reached its peak extent on Sept. 20 at 24.8 million square kilometers.



Music: "Solar...

Introducing the E2 reaction.

How to generate chlorine gas with TCCA, HCl. Then how to condense it into a liquid with Dry Ice/Alcohol.

It's time to check out Group 17 on the periodic table, the halogens. This includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine, and tennessine. What can we say about their properties, reactivities, and applications? Let's find out!

We've got a starting material, and we are subjecting it to a series of three reaction conditions. What do we get? See if you can find out!

We are starting with benzene, we do four reactions, and what do we get? See if you can get the right answer!

We've got starting material and we've got a target molecule, and we've gotta figure out how to make the transformation in just two steps. Sift through that bag of synthetic tricks!

Organic Chemistry Practice Exam 9

For this one we need to be able to interpret NMR data in order to arrive at the correct molecular structure based on an empirical formula. It's not as hard as it sounds!

Need some organic chemistry practice? Here's a tricky mechanism to try!

Need some organic chemistry practice? Here's a tricky mechanism to try!

The video explains the concept of empirical formula in chemistry. The video also talks about how to convert the molecular formula into the empirical formula and vice versa. The video presents examples of how to determine the empirical...

It explains functional groups and nomenclature of organic compounds.

Follow a science teacher as she gets expert advice on how to demonstrate spectacular reactions from Groups 1 and 7 of the Periodic Table safely and effectively. Starting with Group1 elements, Dr Kay Stephenson from the Royal Society of...

Learn the basics about why aren't all atomic masses whole numbers? Find out more in this video!

Alkene Halogenation: Theory, Mechanism, Examples

Looking at anti-markovnikov hydrohalogenation as an example of a radical reaction.

We've learned about radical bromination for alkanes, but there is another method of radical bromination that can be applied to allylic and benzylic systems. This utilizes the reagent NBS, and it can be a useful synthetic technique. Let's...

Learn the basics about testing alkenes with bromine water. Why is bromine water used to test alkenes? What is bromine water made of? Find out more in this video!

Learn the basics about Electrolysis of Molten Compounds. What is electrolysis? What are molten compounds? Find out more in this video!

Learn why not all atomic mass numbers are whole numbers.

Looking at interesting molecules in virtual reality that possess no chiral centers.

This nugget explains methods of preparation of alkyl halides.

Introducing free radical halogenation of alkanes.