Hearing the word "superacid" may evoke memories of that scene from Breaking Bad, but perhaps counterintuitively, the strongest acid on Earth wouldn't be able to destroy your bathroom.

You may know that cows produce methane, which is a big concern when it comes to global heating, but did you know that organic chemistry provides a potential solution to this problem? Feeding cows small amounts of red seaweed can greatly...

In a neutralization reaction (or acid-base reaction) a proton is transferred from the Brinsted--Lowry acid to the Brinsted--Lowry base. Water is amphoteric and so it can serve as either an acid or a base in a neutralization reaction. ...

In this video Paul Andersen explains how buffer solutions maintain pH in a solution. A buffer solution is made up of a weak acid and its conjugate base. As strong acids or bases are added the pH remains stable. A good buffer solution...

Last week, Hank talked about how stuff mixes together in solutions. Today, and for the next few weeks, he will talk about the actual reactions happening in those solutions - atoms reorganizing themselves to create whole new...

In this video Paul Andersen explains how acid-base chemistry can be understood in terms of equilibrium. Water is present in all acid-base chemistry and is amphoteric in nature. The Ka and Kb values can be used to determine the strength...

We take a deep dive to understand how chemistry works at a fundamental level. All chemistry is about electrons. They are the primary drivers responsible for an atom’s behavior in chemical reactions, or more precisely the way...

We've all heard the terms acid and base. What do these mean? Don't just tell me about pH, silly. What structural detail makes a molecule an acid or a base? You don't know? Well, you'd better watch this then. You don't want to be...

Hydrohalogenation: Theory, Mechanism, Examples

In this video, we discuss Calculate Concentrations in a Buffer (Derivation)

Introducing aldol condensation and enolate chemistry in general.

The Acid-DIssociation Constant (Ka) and pKa

Learn everything about Conjugate Acids and Bases. We explain this with the real world example of vinegar. At Fuse School, teachers and animators come together to make fun & easy-to-understand videos in Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Maths...

Buffers: ICE Problem With Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation

For this one we will need to understand the basics about Bronsted-Lowry acid-base reactions, and we also should be able to gauge the stability of various potential conjugate bases.

Acids! Bases! Conjugate acids! Conjugate bases! We definitely have to be able to label such things, and we should also know how to state which direction in an acid-base equilibrium is preferred. To do this we should know how to tell...

Organic Chemistry Practice Exam 12

David Hasslehoff did chemistry?! No wait, Hasselbalch. And Henderson. Anyway there's this equation, and it relates the pH of a buffer solution to the pKa of the acid and the ratio of the concentrations of the acid and conjugate base....

Proof that pH=pKa when conjugate acid and base concentrations are equal; proof that conjugate acid and base concentrations are equal when pH=pKa

Calculation of pH with known species concentration and pKa

This nugget explains the different chemical properties of carboxylic acids and their uses.

In this video, we discuss Calculate Concentrations in a Buffer (Example Problem)

Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation using mass balance equation for system of two equations with two unknowns

Remember those pesky iceboxes? Weak acids and bases establish equilibria, so we have to do iceboxes to figure out things about them. But don't worry, buffers are neat.