Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Reorganization of the Kingdom

For Students 9th - 10th
This chapter in William Morey's 1901 textbook discusses the roforms made by the Etruscan kings and the introduction of the tension between Roman patricians and plebeians.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Struggle Against the Kingship

For Students 9th - 10th
The Romans cast off their Etruscan kings and create a new Republic, incorporating many of the governmental ideas from the Etruscans into their new government.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Grievances of the Plebs

For Students 9th - 10th
William Morey explains the tension between the Roman aristocracy, the patricians, and the plebeians with the establishment of the Republic. The First Secession of the plebeians brings some relief.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Second Secession and Its Results

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about how the patricians finally understand the importance of the plebeians, who are then granted the right to pass laws for all and to intermarry with patricians.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: The Contest for the Consulship

For Students 9th - 10th
The Roman Republic continues to evolve, incorporating plebeians into the government. New offices are added to the government in an attempt to keep both the patricians and plebeians satisfied.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Equalization of the Orders

For Students 9th - 10th
This article shows how, through debt, agrarian, and legislative reform, the patricians and plebeians finally form a united citizenship.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Roman Government

For Students 9th - 10th
Find out how Rome evolves from a democratic republic to a government controlled essentially by the wealthy. It works for a long time.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Times of the Gracchi: Causes of Civil Strife

For Students 9th - 10th
In a chapter from William Morey's 1901 textbook, he explains the make-up of the Roman populus at the beginning of the Late Republic.
Website
Steven Kreis, PhD

The History Guide:republican Rome Struggle of the Orders

For Students 9th - 10th
This site from The History Guide provides a comprehensive discussion on the struggle of the orders, the conflict between the plebeians and patricians of the early Roman Republic.
Handout
Vroma Project

V Roma Project: Notes on Roman Politics

For Students 9th - 10th
An overview of several aspects of Roman politics, including terms and definitions of social classes. This page was created by Barbara F. McManus of The College of New Rochelle.
Handout
Vroma Project

V Roma Project: Roman Cursus Honorum: Political Offices in the Roman Republic

For Students 9th - 10th
The cursus honorum - the various political offices, ranks, and duties of the Roman Republic - are discussed. This page was created by Barbara F. McManus of the College of New Rochelle.
Handout
World History Encyclopedia

World History Encyclopedia: Aedile

For Students 9th - 10th
Encyclopedia entry with illustrations and timeline describes the role of Aedile in the Roman Republic.
Activity
Constitutional Rights Foundation

Constitutional Rights Foundation: When Roman Law Ruled the Western World

For Students 9th - 10th
A history of Roman law, culture and the development of Western European law codes. Includes questions for writing and discussion, small group activity and links to further reading.
Lesson Plan
Discovery Education

Discovery Education: Rome's Rise to Power: The Republic

For Teachers 9th - 10th
A detailed lesson plan designed to teach students about the republican form of government established by the Romans in their early history and also how it relates to American government today.
Handout
Other

"A Well Trimmed Ship", the Republican Legacy of Polybius

For Students 9th - 10th
A two-part paper, the first of which is a biography of Polybius, a Greek, who wrote a history of the Roman Republic. The second part discusses his work and his admiration of Roman virtues and the government of the Roman Republic.
Handout
Stephen Byrne

History for Kids: Roman Government

For Students 2nd - 7th
History for Kids provides an overview of government in all its forms throughout early Roman history. Students learn about Roman Monarchy, Republic and Empire.