Jim Crow laws mainly targeted African Americans and took the form of poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses.

Jim Crow laws were adopted by most Southern states after the end of Reconstruction.

This video segment from The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow addresses the life and impact of Lucy Laney, the founder of the Haines Normal and Industrial School in Augusta, Georgia. Laney was an influential Jim Crow-era educator. She believed...

In this short documentary film, students in classes at Georgetown University reflect on a trip they took to Louisiana in March 2018 to meet with members of the GU272 descendant community, visit Whitney Plantation and the site of Homer...

In the period after the Civil War in the American South, when Southern society reorganized to account for the end of slavery. In this video, Kim discusses how many Southern governments passed laws preventing African Americans from...

During Reconstruction, federal troops attempted to enforce the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments in the South. [4:00]

Federal troops left the South after the Compromise of 1877, ending Reconstruction. The Supreme Court ruled that segregation did not violate the Fourteenth Amendment in the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896. [7:58]