In this video Paul Andersen explains how a spontaneous process may take either the thermodynamically controlled or the kinetic controlled pathway. If the activation energy determines the path taken then the process is under kinetic...

In this video Paul Andersen explains how you can drive non spontaneous processes by adding external energy (like electricity or light) or by coupling it to a spontaneous process (like the conversion of ATP to ADP)

In this video Paul Andersen explains how you can use the Gibbs Free Energy equation to determine if a process is spontaneous or not spontaneous. If the _G is less than zero the process is spontaneous. If the _G is greater than zero the...

In this video Paul Andersen explains that entropy is simply the dispersion of matter or energy. He begins with a series of video that show the natural direction of processes. According to the second law of thermodynamics the entropy...

In this video Paul Andersen discriminates between spontaneous (or thermodynamically favored) processes and those that are not spontaneous. A spontaneous process requires no external energy source. If the enthalpy change in a reaction...

It explains the transfer of heat from colder to warmer bodies, relation between entropy and spontaneity,Gibbs energy and spontaneity.

Choline Acetyltransferase: Physiology, Biochemistry, and Organic Mechanism

We've learned a lot about solution chemistry, and we've also learned about thermodynamics and spontaneity. So what about the spontaneity associated with dissolution? If an ionic solid dissolves in water, is this an enthalpically or...

What the heck is entropy?! You've heard a dozen different explanations. Disorder, microstates, Carnot engines... so many different wordings and interpretations! Really, they are all related, so let's go through a few different...