Investigate major conflicts of the Apache through interactive maps, biographies, and primary documents in this extensive site. The format allows students to select "people" or "conflicts" and then the year.

Immerse in the campfire stories of the people who defined Texas. Find out about how the two Americas: the Europeans' version, and the American Indians' version, started changing forever.

This article details the history and way of life of the Apaches in Texas. It describes their interactions with the Spanish explorers, how they were treated like slaves at the Spanish missions, and how their resentment drove them to...

Actual text of the treaty, which promises safe passage to U.S. citizens and establishes military forts and trading posts in Apache territory.

Actual text of the treaty, which establishes the U.S. right to build highways, military forts, and depots on tribal land. Promises annual money and supplies to Indian nations.

This article details the history of the Lipan Apache, an important subgroup of the Apache in Texas. To tell their story, it focuses on the history of the Castro Family of Lipan Apache Chief Cuelga de Castro. They received their surname...

Find a brief recounting of resistance by several Indian tribes in an attempt to maintain their territory. See how the settlers participating in the Oklahoma land rush stole land set aside for several Indian tribes.

Actual text of the Medicine Lodge Treaty, which establishes an Apache reservation, promises to establish reservation schools and increases annual payments of money and supplies.

Many beautiful quotes from Geronimo, as well as a short biography.

This extensive article details the evolution of the relationship between the Jumano and the Spanish explorers beginning in 1583. This was a relationship that the Jumano went to great lengths to develop and maintain. They also fostered...

A fascinating site that presents the story of Alice Fletcher who traveled to Dakota Territory to live with Sioux women. Click on dates on the calendar for diary entries. Also includes historic photo gallery.

This resource provides first-hand accounts and background information on the Old West. Content touches on crossing the plains, cowboys, train robberies, Dalton Gang's Last Raid, Custer's Last Stand, the Death of Billy the Kid, and much...

This is an excellent introduction to Native American religious beliefs and practices. Includes an explanation of the major Native American Religions and their history. Site is extensive and exclusively text-based.

This site is Joseph Bruchac's homepage. It provides links to his biography, a listing of his major works, and other online resources for the author. It also provides links to several of his poems to open or download on mp3.

This archeological district consists of more than 20 sites, mostly associated with the Dismal River/Plains Apache culture, dating from c CE 1650 to 1750. The principal site is a pueblo ruin thought to have been built by Taos Indians who...