Graphic
University of California

Antillians: The Growth of Slave Trade

For Students 9th - 10th
Easy-to-read, colorful maps that show the triangular slave trade routes from 1451 to 1870.
Handout
The History Cat

The History Cat: Us History: The Middle Passage

For Students 9th - 10th
A detailed look at the trans-Atlantic slave trade that lasted from the 1500s to the 1800s.
Lesson Plan
Other

The Triangular Slave Trade Project: Teachers' Guide

For Teachers 9th - 10th
Although this is promoted as a teachers' guide, this page offers a little history and a lot of project ideas related to triangular trade that could be very helpful to students as well.
Interactive
PBS

Pbs Learning Media: The African American Migration Story

For Students 9th - 10th
From the transatlantic slave trade to today's New Great Migration, learn about the major African-American migrations and how those movements changed the course of American history.
Handout
Other

West Chester University: The Trans Atlantic Economy in 1800

For Students 9th - 10th
This short but good article examines the state of trade as it existed in 1800 between Europe, the Americas and Africa. There is a nice discussion on the slave trade as well as the need for the Europeans to acquire more markets for their...
Article
PBS

Pbs: Elmina Castle, Trading Outpost and "Slave Factory"

For Students 9th - 10th
Find out about "slave factories," built along Africa's western coast.
Article
Digital History

Digital History: Middle Passage

For Students 9th - 10th
The number of Africans who died or were enslaved as a result of slave trading both across the Atlantic and into the Arabian peninsula is truly shocking. Read about the Middle Passage which brought millions of slaves to the New World, see...
Handout
Understanding Slavery Initiative

Understanding Slavery: The Campaign for Abolition: Campaigning Against Slavery

For Students 9th - 10th
Find out about the first mass human rights movement in history when African monarchs, enslaved Africans, freed slaves, and millions of other ordinary people campaigned against the slave trade and fought for the abolition of slavery.
Graphic
Curated OER

Slave Images: Atlantic Slave Trade and Slave Life in the Americas

For Students 9th - 10th
This site has thousand of photos, drawings and prints dealing with slavery, most of them dating from the period of Atlantic slave trade and slavery in the Americas.
Website
Digital History

Digital History: The Constitution and Slavery

For Students 9th - 10th
The issue of slavery was a contentious one during debates in the Constitutional Convention. Read about the various issues, the quotes of several of the delegates, and see how the word "slave" is not even mentioned in the Constitution....
Handout
Understanding Slavery Initiative

Understanding Slavery: Atlantic Crossing: First Hand Accounts Case Study

For Students 9th - 10th
Read eye-witness accounts of the brutality and cruelty suffered by enslaved Africans as they traveled across the Atlantic on slave ships.
Handout
Understanding Slavery Initiative

Understanding Slavery Initiative: Atlantic Crossing

For Students 9th - 10th
Discover the period some refer to as "Middle Passage," when enslaved Africans were transported across the Atlantic Ocean to the Caribbean or America. Read first-hand accounts of the torture and deprivation experienced by thousands of...
Handout
Understanding Slavery Initiative

Understanding Slavery Initiative: Atlantic Crossing: Slave Forts Case Study

For Students 9th - 10th
Find out about the disparity between the castle-like headquarters of slave forts and the deplorable conditions in which enslaved Africans lived while waiting to be transported by slave ship to the Americas.
Handout
Understanding Slavery Initiative

Understanding Slavery: Atlantic Crossing: Capture and Enslavement Case Study

For Students 9th - 10th
Find out about the four ways African men, women, and children became enslaved: criminals sold by chiefs, free Africans captured, domestic slaves resold, and prisoners of war sold to other slave owners.
Unit Plan
The Newberry Library

Newberry: Aphra Behn's Oroonoko: Slavery and Race in the Atlantic World

For Students 9th - 10th
Newberry Library lesson using digitized primary source explores how Aphra Behn's novel, Oroonoko, compares to other representations of race, slavery, and colonialism in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Questions to consider are...
Article
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: African Americans in the British New World

For Students 5th - 8th
Read about the transit of Africans from their homeland to the American British colonies to work on plantations in the south as part of leg in the triangular trade.
Graphic
Curated OER

Guinea Propria, 1743 (Detail)

For Students 9th - 10th
A West African map and three accounts of the development of slave acquisition display the process and the brutality of the Atlantic slave trade.
eBook
OpenStax

Open Stax: The Economics of Cotton

For Students 11th - 12th
This section of a chapter on "The Antebellum South" explains the labor-intensive processes of cotton production and describes the importance of cotton to the Atlantic and American antebellum economy.
Article
Siteseen

Siteseen: Land of the Brave: Salutary Neglect

For Students 9th - 10th
Salutary neglect was a long-standing British policy in the thirteen colonies which allowed the colonists to flout, or violate, the laws associated with trade. There were no effective enforcement agencies and it was expensive to send...
Article
Digital History

Digital History: Overview of the Colonial Era

For Students 9th - 10th
The year 1492 marks a watershed in modern world history. Columbus's voyage of discovery inaugurated a series of developments that would have vast consequences for both the Old World and the New. It transformed the diets of both the...
Handout
Black Past

Black Past: Olaudah Equiano

For Students 9th - 10th
Encyclopedia account of Olaudah Equiano.
Website
Digital History

Digital History: Slavery in the Colonial North

For Students 9th - 10th
Read a very brief description of slavery in the New England and Middle colonies.

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