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Maria Goeppert Mayer, Nobelist in Physics

For Students 9th - 10th
The Supercomputer Center of the University of California at San Diego offers details of the life of Maria Goeppert-Mayer, third woman ever to be awarded the Nobel Prize for physics. Instructive in the obstacles to being a woman in a...
Unit Plan
CPALMS

Florida State University Cpalms: Florida Students: Physical and Chemical Changes

For Students 7th - 9th
Explore the differences between chemical and physical changes, including some examples at the atomic level.
Handout
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Lucretius

For Students 9th - 10th
As one of the primary spokesmen for the Epicurean philosophy, Lucretius (99-55 BCE) wrote a philosophical epic "De Rerum Naturum," in which the Epicurean belief in the atomic nature of matter is presented. Look for the section entitled...
Handout
University of Colorado

University of Colorado: Physics 2000: Elements as Atoms: The Pauli Exclusion Principle

For Students 9th - 10th
The Pauli Exclusion Principle shows how electrons fill atomic orbitals. Includes biographical information on Wolfgang Pauli.
Handout
University of Colorado

University of Colorado: Physics 2000: Elements as Atoms: Electron Clouds and Energy Levels

For Students 9th - 10th
An explanation of the different types of atomic orbitals, how they are filled according to the Pauli Exclusion Principle, and how many electrons can fit in each electron shell.
Handout
Wikimedia

Wikipedia: Atomic Number

For Students 9th - 10th
Wikipedia provides the definition of the term, "Atomic number," a term used in chemistry and physics to represent the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Handout
Upper Canada District School Board

Tom Stretton's Chemistry Pages: Atomic Theory Early Ideas

For Students 9th - 10th
This online slide show helps students understand the early historical thinking that contributed to modern atomic theory.
Handout
Upper Canada District School Board

Tom Stretton's Chemistry Pages: Atomic Theory Modern Ideas

For Students 9th - 10th
This online slide show helps students understand modern scientific thinking which has shaped modern atomic theory.
Unit Plan
Physics Classroom

The Physics Classroom: The Strucure of Matter

For Students 9th - 10th
This interactive tutorial begins with an understanding of the structure of matter. Understanding charge as a fundamental quantity demands that we have an understanding of the structure of an atom. Learn the atomic structure of an atom an...
Unit Plan
TeachEngineering

Teach Engineering: Mixtures and Solutions

For Teachers 5th - 7th
This unit covers introductory concepts of mixtures and solutions. Students think about how mixtures and solutions, and atoms and molecules can influence new technologies developed by engineers. The first lesson explores the fundamentals...
Unit Plan
Texas Education Agency

Texas Gateway: Kinetic Theory: Atomic & Molecular Explanation of Pressure & Temp

For Students 11th - 12th
By the end of this section, you will be able to express the ideal gas law in terms of molecular mass and velocity; define thermal energy; calculate the kinetic energy of a gas molecule, given its temperature; describe the relationship...
eBook
OpenStax

Open Stax: Atomic and Molecular Explanation of Pressure and Temperature

For Students 11th - 12th
A college textbook section that explores the kinetic theory. Learn how the kinetic theory relates to ideal gas law and thermal energy. Section includes problems and questions for the students to answer to ensure understanding. Book can...
Handout
University of Colorado

University of Colorado: Physics 2000: Elements as Atoms: Quantum Numbers

For Students 9th - 10th
Each electron has a set of quantum numbers that specify it's location, orbital, and energy in a unique manner.
Handout
Encyclopedia of Earth

Encyclopedia of Earth: Physics & Chemistry: Calcium

For Students 9th - 10th
Information about the element, Calcium, atomic number 20. Covers physical and atomic properties, sources, its role in geochemical cycles, how abundant it is on the Earth, its isotopes, some compounds of calcium, and its importance to...
Graphic
Georgia State University

Georgia State University: Hyper Physics: Particles

For Students 9th - 10th
This is a very detailed site containing information on several sub-atomic particles including the Hadron.
Handout
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

Nist Physics Laboratory: A Walk Through Time

For Students 9th - 10th
An illustrated history of timekeeping from ancient times to the present. Includes information on ancient calendars, early clocks, a revolution in timekeeping, world time scales and time zones, and the NIST standards.
Unit Plan
CK-12 Foundation

Ck 12: Modern Atomic Theory

For Students 9th - 10th
[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] Rutherford's model of the atom was better than earlier models. But it wasn't the last word. Danish physicist Niels Bohr created a more accurate and useful model....
Online Course
Learn AP Physics

Learn Ap Physics: Physics B: Modern Physics

For Students 9th - 10th
A site dedicated to help students prepare for the AP Physics B test. This specific site reviews Modern Physics including photons, photoelectric effect, atomic energy levels, The Michelson-Morley experiment, The Lorentz Transformation,...
Website
Science Buddies

Science Buddies: Career Profile: Physicist

For Students 9th - 10th
Physicist as a career is a very broad spectrum. This site from Science Buddies relates the general requirements and education needed to be a physicist and lists the many sub-fields in which physicists can specialize. Included is a video...
PPT
Nobel Media AB

The Nobel Prize: The Quantised World

For Students 9th - 10th
After an introduction, this site breaks down into sections discussion quantum theory, including A Quantum Theory for Energy, A Quantum Theory for Atomic Structures, Waves or Particles, Quantum Mechanics, and Interpreting the Quantum World.
Activity
Science Buddies

Science Buddies: Rainbow Fire

For Students 9th - 10th
Astronomers can determine the atomic composition of distant stars by measuring the spectrum of light emitted by the star. Sound cool? Well in this project you can do something similar by observing the color of flames when various...
Handout
Nobel Media AB

The Nobel Prize: William Lawrence Bragg Biographical

For Students 9th - 10th
The official Nobel biography of William Lawrence Bragg. the son of William Henry Bragg, who shared the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics with his father. This article focuses on Bragg's science activities, positions, and achievements and honors.
Handout
Nobel Media AB

The Nobel Prize: Erwin Schrodinger Biographical

For Students 9th - 10th
This biography from the The Nobel Foundation overviews the life and scientific worlk of Erwin Schrodinger, an Austrian scientist who was honored for his work with atomic theory. Read about his education and personal life, and view links...
Interactive
CK-12 Foundation

Ck 12: Physics Simulation: Atomic Colors

For Students 9th - 10th
[Free Registration/Login Required] Explore the Bohr model of atoms by studying the absorption and emission of light from simple gases in the context of starlight using this interactive simulation. A PDF worksheet and a video tutorial are...

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