Learn all about molecular structures in this easy-to-understand, audio book. See how valence electrons determine how atoms bond together, and look at the bonding inside some of the most common molecules around you.

This multi-day lesson plan helps students to understand how the models of the atom have changed and how quantum mechanics affects the electrons as they orbit the nucleus.

In this lab, students will learn the relationship between color emitted by atoms of metal compounds and their electron structure by using the flame test.

This online lesson reviews the concepts of oxidation and reduction--reactions in which atoms or ions undergo changes in electron structure. Learn key concepts and complete the printouts to assess your understanding of these concepts.

X-rays, gamma rays and beta particles are all used in medicine to treat internal organs. X-rays are produced by firing electrons at a metal target and gamma rays are emitted by the nucleus of radioactive atoms. Gamma rays are used to...