An excellent overview of electron spin, what it means in non-mathematical terms and quantum mechanical terms.

An explanation of the Pauli Exclusion Principle in mathematical terms.

This site defines and explains the concept of gravitational potential energy. Uses many equations and graphics to illustrate the idea. Provides an online computational practice set with immediate feedback.

Georgia State University Physics Department privides an incredibly thorough treatment of the laws of thermodynamics. Multiple pages; many informative graphics; opportunities to practice problems and receive immediate feedback.

At this college physics department site, the polarization of light is explained and illustrated as well as the primary methods of polarization (scattering, reflection, and refraction).

At this univeristy physics department site, the polarization of light is explained and illustrated. Methods for analyzing light to determine the degree of polarization are stated and explained with equations.

The operation of Polaroid filters on a pair of sunglasses is shown.

A collection of several pages explaining the principles which underlie Rayleigh scattering of light.

Provides a discussion of curved mirrors and ray diagrams. Shows and explains the process of drawing a ray diagram to determine the image location, size, and orientation.

A discussion of the lens-maker's formula and its use in determining the effect of lens shape and index of refraction upon the magnifying power of a lens. Includes an interactive problem-solving section.

This is an informative site from Georgia State University. It gives a discussion of the thin lens equation and an illustration of its use in determining the image distance based upon the object distance and the focal length.

This site from Georgia State University Physics Department provides a discussion of how light refracts through the lenses of a microscope. Demonstrates the parts of a microscope and includes an interactive form in which the magnifying...

The eye and its common defects are discussed along with corrective measures.

The meaning and cause of refraction--as well as Snell's law of refraction--are discussed. Includes an interactive problem-solving form in which visitors relate angles of refraction to the incident angle and the indices of refraction.

This physics department site explains how prisms work and their purpose in the dispersion of light. Explains the angle of deviation and includes an interactive form in which visitors calculate the angle of deviation and receive immediate...

The phenomenon of light dispersion is explained with a formula and a practice form for calculating Abbe's number.

This physics department site provides links about the diffraction of light. Each page includes thorough explanations and meaningful graphics. Some pages include interactive problem-solving practice sections.

An indexing page for a physics department site about the wave properties of light that lead to interference.

A definition and explanation of holography. Explains the process of making holograms and discusses the history and properties of holograms.

This physics department site features an indexing page for a variety of pages pertaining to atmospheric optics. Topics include rainbows, halos, auroras, mirages, star twinkling, sunsets, green flashes, coronas, and more. Excellent...

This site from Georgia State Department Astronomy & Physics provides information on the Supernovae. "A supernova is an explosion of a massive supergiant star." Find out much more at this site.

See how this principle translates in to fluids and the Bernoulli equation as well as into electric circuits and the voltage law and finally into heat and thermodynamics through the first law of thermodynamics.

This is a very detailed site containing information on several sub-atomic particles including the Hadron.

This college-level physics course on acoustics provides a variety of charts and short descriptions of the physics involved in using loudspeakers and audio equipment. Related links.