Handout
US Department of Labor

Bureau of Labor Statistics: Compensation From Before Wwi Through Great Depression [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th
This interesting article from the Bureau of Labor Statistics discusses how working conditions and low pay prior to World War I led to the increase in union membership. Read how the government viewed labor and labor unions during World...
Handout
Social Studies Help Center

Social Studies Help Center: American Government, Unionism Friend or Foe?

For Students 9th - 10th
This site highlights the conflicting points of view within the government of labor unionizing. Focuses on pro and anti union legislation througout history and the attempt to balance workers rights with economic success.
Primary
Curated OER

History Matters: Race and Racism at the 1886 Knights of Labor Convention

For Students 9th - 10th
This interesting excerpt from Terence Powderly's autobiography discusses the problems he encountered as head of the Knights of Labor in terms of race relations in the unions.
Professional Doc
Library of Congress

Loc: Labor Unions During the Great Depression and New Deal

For Students 9th - 10th
This learning page features an overview of labor relations during the 1930s with links to many primary source documents from the era.
Website
Other

Afl Cio: Labor Timeline

For Students 9th - 10th
Use this resource to explore the development of labor unions in the United States. The interactive timeline allows you to scroll through the periods of labor development.
Website
Digital History

Digital History: Postwar Labor Tensions

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about the strength of labor unions just after World War I and see how the gains were eroded throughout the 1920s.
Lesson Plan
PBS

Pbs: Working for Freedom: Labor Reform and the Triangle Factory Fire [Pdf]

For Teachers 9th - 10th
A lesson plan from the producers of the 16-episode PBS series "Freedom: A History of US" that examines the conditions American workers faced in the late 1800s. Students will understand the factors that precipitated the birth and growth...
Primary
University of Houston

University of Houston: The Taft Hartley Act: Labor Management Relations Act

For Students 9th - 10th
Find the complete text of the Taft-Hartley Act, also known as the Labor Management Relations Act of 1947, which severely restricted the activities of labor unions. Vetoed by President Truman, the veto was overcome, so it became a law.
Handout
Social Studies Help Center

Social Studies Help Center: The Labor Union Movement in America

For Students 9th - 10th
Discusses the Labor Union Movement in America from its origins in the 1700's.
Lesson Plan
Library of Congress

Loc: Labor Unions and Working Conditions: United We Stand

For Teachers 9th - 10th
Think about your work environment. Are you allowed to rest periodically? Do you earn a decent wage? Can you voice your concerns without losing your job? There was a time when workers in the United States did not have basic rights such as...
Article
Other

Hillsborough Community College: The Rise of Unions and Labor Activism [Pdf]

For Students 10th - 12th
Lengthy article on the Second Industrial Revolution in the United States. Looks at the growth of businesses into corporations with large workforces and manufacturing facilities, and the labor issues and organizations that arose as...
Article
A&E Television

History.com: Labor Movement

For Students 9th - 10th
Article takes a look at the history of the Labor Movement and labor unions through videos, pictures, speeches and more.
Handout
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Ap Us History: 1865 1898: The Gilded Age: The Knights of Labor

For Students 9th - 10th
Discusses the rise of labor unions and the history of the Knights of Labor. After the Haymarket Square riots, members deserted it and many joined the American Federation of Labor instead. Includes questions for students at end.
Article
PBS

Pbs: History Detectives: The Early Labor Movement

For Students 9th - 10th
Brief summary of the early labor movement and the role that labor unions played.
Primary
US National Archives

Our Documents: National Labor Relations Act (1935)

For Students 9th - 10th
Explore the original document that established the National Labor Relations Board written in 1935. Also known as the Wagner Act, its intention was to give employees the right to form unions and to engage in collective bargaining.
Website
University of Groningen

American History: Outlines: The Rise of Industrial Unions

For Students 9th - 10th
Article outlines the rise of industrial unions during the 1920s and 30s and the impact unions had on politics.
Handout
Tennessee Historical Society

Tennessee Encyclopedia: Knights of Labor

For Students 9th - 10th
The Tennessee Encyclopedia offers an interesting account of the Knights of Labor organization, particularly its actions in Tennessee. Read about how immigrants, African Americans, and women were all included in the membership of the...
Unknown Type
Stanford University

Beyond the Bubble: Unions in Paterson, New Jersey

For Teachers 9th - 10th
[Free Registration/Login Required] An excerpt from an interview with a textile factory worker named Marianna Costa. In the interview, Costa talks about working conditions at the Arrow Piece Dye Works in Paterson, New Jersey, prior to the...
Lesson Plan
Alabama Learning Exchange

Alex: Forming Unions

For Teachers 6th - 8th
This activity uses technology to generate interest in the study of labor unions. Young scholars will use the Internet for research and conclude with a presentation about union leaders or labor organizations.
Article
US Department of Labor

U.s. Department of Labor: Labor in the Industrial Era

For Students 9th - 10th
This interesting essay traces the growth of the Knights of Labor from a group that represented those in the shoe industry in Philadelphia to a nationwide union fighting for workers' rights. It also traces other union developments over...
eBook
Library of Congress

Loc: American Memory: Alice Henry: The Trade Union Woman

For Students 9th - 10th
Excerpt from the Preface to Alice Henry's book, The Trade Union Woman (1915) in which Henry argues for regulation of wages and working conditions for women. Link to the entire book.
Article
Hartford Web Publishing

World History Archives: Mexican Border Workers Fight for Unions

For Students 9th - 10th
The story of Mexican workers and their attempt to unionize due to poor working conditions at a Hyundai plant in Tijuana. Fom a story by David Bacon in the San Francisco Bay Guardian on 06/11/1997.
Graphic
Other

New York University: Labor Arts

For Students 9th - 10th
Numerous collections of cartoons, buttons, posters, murals, photographs, and similar artifacts, all pertaining to history of American labor, especially its drive to organize and its history of protest. Stretches back to the earliest days...
Graphic
New York University

San Reiss: An Eyewitness to Labor History 1948 1975

For Students 9th - 10th
Considered the "Labor photographer," this online exhibit of Sam Reiss' work is a pictorial history of American labor from 1948-1975.

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