[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] Introduces Steno's laws, which allow scientists to decipher the geological events that occurred and the order in which they took place, including how the relative...

Explains the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks and provides pictures and descriptions of common igneous rock types in each category.

[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] Describes the features of intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks that cool slowly and rapidly, respectively.

[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] Distinguishes how to tell which rock unit is older than the ones around it and so reveal the geologic history of the region.

[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] Describes the mostly massive features created by glacial erosion and deposition.

This site provides a detailed discussion of the Earth's interior. Facts about the crust, mantle, and core are given along with diagrams of each. Also presents a table that lists the thickness and types of rock found in each part of the...

Discusses discoveries that laid the foundation for scientists' understanding of paleomagnetism, continental drift, and magnetic reversals.

This resource gives short descriptions of how sedimentary deposition occurs in rivers, lakes, river mouths, coral reefs, glaciers, arid environments, and tropical environments.

[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] Identifies renewable and nonrenewable resources based on the rate at which humans use a resource. Natural resources, such as water, oxygen, and soil, are supplied by...

A slideshow looking at the contributions of scientists over time to our understanding of atomic theory. Looks at models of the atom developed by Democritus, John Dalton, J.J. Thomson, Ernest Rutherford, Niels Bohr, and James Chadwick, as...

A snapshot of what the world would be like if it lost crucial natural resources such as water, oil, and trees. Lists the causes and consequences, and ways people can make a difference.

Explains what surface and subsurface mining are, which ores are suited to each, their main differences, the types of mining within each category, and the advantages and disadvantages of surface and underground mining.

[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] The seismic waves that emanate from earthquakes include body waves and surface waves. Learn how scientists use seismic waves to learn about the Earth's interior.

[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] Describes types of mining, their environmental costs, and reclamation.

This site gives a good overview of magnetic reversals. Discusses continental drift, ocean floor magnetism, and sea-floor spreading.

Create a model to help learn the layers and structures within the Earth. Identify characteristics of each layer of the Earth.

The structure of the atom is uncovered in this interactive tutorial. Discover the different particles of the atom and learn their charges and how they can affect the overall atom.

This activity involves an innovative strategy for introducing the concept of relative dating using a block of wood that has been painted, damaged, and nailed. The task for students is to analyze the order in which these events happened...

In this lesson, students conduct heat transfer experiments to investigate why the Earth is still hot at its core, even after billions of years since its formation. They will learn that the rate of heat transfer is dependent on an...

Earth's magnetic poles have reversed themselves throughout its long history. Find out what scientists know about these reversals. A geologic time line shows when the reversals occurred.

Click for different identification keys for igneous rocks to help you classify them correctly. Includes various color/texture keys as well as classification charts. (NOTE: At the time of writing this, the PDF links were configured...

If you're interested in learning about the igneous rock-forming minerals in seeing multiple pictures of each sample, then this is your site. It also includes the chain that these minerals follow. Click on the PDF link for a printable...

This resource contains detailed summaries of eight different igneous minerals. It also has enlarged pictures of the minerals as they appear embedded in igneous rock.

Take a look at the Earth from the inside out. This site shows the different layers of the earth with an explanation of the rocks and materials in each layer. Includes a quiz on the structure of Earth.