Lesson Plan
Virginia Department of Education

Building a DNA Model

For Teachers 9th - 12th
It has been decades since the discovery of DNA. Still, activities such building this DNA model allow blossoming scientists to better understand the components that form this overall structure. During this activity, they will also...
Lesson Plan
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Genetics Mendelian

For Teachers 9th - 12th
Students explore genetic terms, the Law of Dominance and the contributions of Gregor Mendel. After discussing Mendel's lab and his pea plants students observe examples of a phenotype chart. Afterward, they conduct their own lab to...
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Natural Selection: Exploring the 'Ohi'a Common Garden

For Teachers 7th
Seventh graders examine natural variation by visiting the Ohi'a Common Garden in Volcano, Hawaii. In this natural selection lesson, 7th graders study background information about phenotypes, genotypes, and phenotypic plasticity before...
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Dihybrid Punnett Squares

For Teachers 9th - 10th
Students construct Punnett squares to illustrate specific genotypic and phenotypic genetic outcomes. Students calculate the probability of achieving specific genotypic and phenotypic genetic oucomes, using dihybrid Punnett squares.
Worksheet
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Modeling a Gene Pool

For Students 9th - 12th
In this genetic worksheet, high schoolers examine how gene frequency changes in a population of organisms. After completing 5 pre-lab questions, they work in pairs to collect data and answer 5 additional post-lab questions.
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Designer Genes

For Teachers 9th - 12th
Students view a video on DNA. They discuss mitosis, meiosis and fertilization. They use strips of paper to simulate fertilization and analyze the genotype and phenotype of the combined chromosomes.
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Yeast - A Dihybrid Cross

For Teachers 9th - 11th
Young scholars make a yeast dihybrid cross and follow two forms of each of two traits: red growth versus cream color, and tryptophan-dependent versus tryptophan-independent.
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Monohybrid Punnetr Squares

For Teachers 8th - 9th
Students explore Punnett squares and illustrate specific genotypic and phenotypic genetic outcomes. After a class discussion, students predict the probability of a specific trait being passed on by using Punnett squares. They reveal the...
Lesson Plan
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Dare to be Punnett Square

For Teachers 8th
Eighth graders become familiar with Punnett squares, specifically purpose, application and interpretation. Key terms from previous lessons (included below) are reviewed/reinforced before data is applied to a Punnett square and interpreted.
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It's All in the Genes

For Teachers 12th
Twelfth graders investigate the inheritance of traits through several hands-on activities that illustrate the transmission of genetic characteristics. Students study advanced topics including multiple alleles, polygenic traits,...
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The Genetic Basis of Neurological Disorders

For Teachers 9th - Higher Ed
Students explore neurological disorders. They examine the presence and absence of discernible genes. Students describe neruological diseases and draw faces of affected persons. They play a human neurology disorders learning game.
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Heredity (Mendelian Genetics)

For Teachers 10th - 12th
Students observe and record observations of whether a person is a taster or nontaster. They test selected individuals from their families and peer groups and chart all findings to determine which trait (e.g. taster or non-taster) is...
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Sex-Linked Genes

For Teachers 9th - 12th
Learners review the concepts of incomplete dominance, co-dominance and multiple alleles. As a class, they are introduced to the concept of sex-linked genes and how they are passed to offspring. To end the lesson, they examine possible...
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Mendelian Genetics

For Teachers 11th - Higher Ed
Learners work collaboratively in small learning groups to create some representation of an aspect of Mendelian genetics in this review lesson for the Biology classroom. The lesson includes task cards for each small group and a...
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If Your Mom Has Big Feet, Will You Have Them Too?

For Teachers 9th - 12th
Students describe and apply the Mendellian principles of genetics, focusing predominantly on dominant and recessive genes. They demonstrate how two parents contribute genes and how those genes appear in their offspring. They describe...
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Characterization of the Bioluminescence (Lux+) Gene E. coli

For Teachers Higher Ed
Students grow E. coli strain HB101, which contains the plasmid pUCD607 with the bioluminescence (Lux+) gene. The plasmid containing the Lux+ gene is isolated from the E. coli, then characterized by restriction analysis.
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"Chips" Off the Old Block?

For Teachers 9th - 10th
Students study using analogies between common items or occurrences and science concepts. They use the analogy of cookie recipes to that of the DNA "recipes" for living things to help us explain more about mutations.
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Sampling Variation in a Natural Population

For Teachers 9th - Higher Ed
Students examine the phenotypic variation within a natural population of a single species. They collect data on the species and analyze the data using statistical/spreadsheet software. Students interpret their results and present their...
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Biology Honors Final Project

For Teachers 10th
Tenth graders work on a project about cellular biology and genetics. In this biology lesson, 10th graders research about the assigned human body system and genetic disorders that affect it. They create a multimedia presentation and...
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The Electrophoresis of Human Hemoglobin

For Teachers 9th - 12th
Learners analyze different types of hemoglobin. They use the technique of agarose gel electrophoresis to separate human hemoglobin molecules according to their electrical charge, size, and/or shape. Students relate the migration of...
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Genetics: Punnett Squares

For Teachers 9th - 12th
Students examine Punnett squares charts and analyze how they are used for successful breeding and predictions of certain traits. They complete interactive Punnett square charts, quizzes, problems, and concentration games.
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The Genetic Basis of Neurological Disorders

For Teachers 9th - 12th
Young scholars describe some aspects of known genetic defects on the human neurological condition. They participate in a variety of exercises including drawings, games, and analogies.
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Blood Business

For Teachers 10th - 12th
Students identify the different kinds of blood. In this biology lesson plan, students investigate the antigens, agglutinins and Rh factor using their own blood. They use Punnett squares to predict blood type of offspring.
Lesson Plan
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Brays Bayou Spiderwort Genetic Study

For Teachers 6th - 8th
Students formulate hypothesis based upon data gathered by examining possible crosses of spiderworts using Punnett squares. They present explanations for physiological adaptations of spiderworts that resulted from interactions within the...

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