This "lecture" on Godwin focuses primarily on his philosophy. Contains links to e-texts of his work.

This site from the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy provides an overview of how people viewed God from the time of the Roman Empire until today.

This short biography of Machiavelli includes a color portrait, links to more information about important ideas, and recommended primary and secondary sources.

The American Revolution was close to 200 years in the making. Read about the philosophies and attitudes toward government, as well as the diverse populations who came to the British colonies, that eventually fomented rebellion.

An in-depth study of the Christian philosopher from the 6th century C.E. There is a comprehensive biographical sketch plus nice analysis of his major works and ideas.

Read about the life of the Greek philosopher Epicurus and the philosophy he developed called Epicureanism.

This site about Erasmus contains great biographical information, and a selection from The Praise of Folly.

Very thorough article on the history of affirmative action. Bibliography is included.

Thorough explanation of Aristotle's several original contributions to logic from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Includes a substantial bibliography as well as sections on syllogism, assertion, demonstration, the "Organon,"...

A short account of the idea of utopia (as seen in pictures) in the revolutionary period through the nineteenth century both in Europe and the United States.

Franklin D. Roosevelt brought in many different thinkers to help find ideas to fix the Great Depression. Read about their ideas and the ways they instituted their ways of thinking.

Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton played a huge role not only in crafting important documents in U.S. history, but also by serving as secretaries in George Washington's first cabinet. Read about their diametrically opposing...

A good summary of the life of Antonio Gramsci, a well known Italian writer, politician and radical theorist, he was thrown in prison by Mussolini where he died in 1937.

The interesting life of ancient Greek philosopher Hipparchia is told here in some detail. References for further study are included.

This site, which is provided for by the Modern History Sourcebook of the Fordham University provides excerpts from an 1899 article written by Andrew Carnegie to outline his philosophy and responsibilities as a wealthy man.

A good biography of French Philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau, his philosophical writings and his influential idea of a 'Social Contract' between people and their ruler.

An in-depth profile of Thomas Paine and discussion of his literary works. Includes links to e-texts of his writings.

The University of St Andrews gives a vivid biography of Hypatia and her influence in ancient mathematics, neoplatonic philosophy, and Alexandrian politics. Includes links to related biographies and topics.

A detailed look at the philosophy behind American Transcendalism, and a discussion of many of those who practiced it.

This site from the University of Groningen provides the complete John Locke's "Second Treatise on Government." It discusses everything from slavery and property to civil government and its functions.

A good look at the student activism of the Students for a Democratic Society and the philosophy behind this organization.

Discusses Hitler's plans to invade Russia, which were preceded by invasions of Yugoslavia and Greece, paving the way for Operation Barbarossa. Describes the events of the invasion, the unexpectedly strong resistance of the Russians, and...

From a college lecture on "The Language of Politics: England and the French Revolution," this biographical sketch connects Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797 CE) to the major political and philosophical thinkers of her time.

British economic philosopher John Stuart Mill's article from the Fordham University dealing with the economical benefits of colonization in other countries. This writing illustrates not only arguments in favor of imperialism, but also...