Article
Henry J. Sage

Sage American History: Constitutional Government

For Students 9th - 10th
Article outlining the events which ultimately led to the development and ratification of the U.S. Constitution. The author explains the components of the Constitution and how those pieces were debated and agreed upon.
Website
Teaching American History

Teaching American History: Ratification of the Constitution Introduction

For Students 9th - 10th
An overview of the process of ratification which occurred following the Constitutional Convention proposed the first version of the Constitution. Meet the primary contributors and understand the six stages of the ratification.
Website
The Dirksen Congressional Center

Congress for Kids: Ratifying the Constitution

For Students 3rd - 8th
The process for ratifying the United States Constitution is explained in simple terms. Suggestions for research projects, resource links, and some activities are included. The rest of the site has lots more information on the U. S....
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: Ratifying the Constitution

For Students 5th - 8th
The delegates to the Constititional Convention produced a new governing document for the new United States. Read about how they determined to take the ratification process to the people of the states.
Primary
Yale University

Avalon Project: Ratification of the Constitution by the State of South Carolina

For Students 9th - 10th
The text of the document signed by the legislature of South Carolina ratifying the U. S. Constitution.
Lesson Plan
Library of Congress

Loc: The Constitution: Counter Revolution or National Salvation

For Teachers 9th - 10th
Using primary texts and prior study of Colonial America and the Revolution, students examine "what type of government would best represent the ideals of the American Revolution." Worksheets, discussions, and role-playing within this...
Website
Other

Tench Coxe and the Right to Keep and Bear Arms, 1787 1823

For Students 9th - 10th
A scholarly article about Tench Coxe, his support for ratifying the Constitution, the roles he played in the Washington, Adams, Jefferson, and Madison administrations, and especially his analysis and defense of the Second Amendment.
Website
Digital History

Digital History: The Debate Over Ratifying the Constitution [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about why ratification of the United States' new constitution was such a struggle. Find arguments for and against ratification, and discover who supported the Federalist position and who the Anti-Federalist position. [PDF]
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: The Antifederalists' Victory in Defeat

For Students 5th - 8th
By 1788 eleven states ratified the Constitution, more than enough to put it into effect as the document establishing rules for the nation. Read about the goals of the Federalists in estabilishing a national government and find out how...
PPT
Tom Richey

Tom richey.net: The u.s. Constitution: Framing, Principles and Ratification [Ppt]

For Students 9th - 10th
Presents key ideas for examining how the Articles of Confederation were replaced with the Constitution and the compromises that were reached during debates.
Primary
Henry J. Sage

Sage American History: Virginia Ratifying Convention

For Students 9th - 10th
Primary source text of Patrick Henry's speech objecting to the Constitution, June, 1788.
Website
Digital History

Digital History: Slavery and the Slave Trade [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th
Read reconstructions of debates by delegates to the Constitutional Convention as they attempted to come to terms with slavery, the slave trade, and how to address the issue in the Constitution so all states would be willing to ratify it....
Interactive
Quia

Quia: Hangman the Order of the 13 Original States

For Students Pre-K - 1st
Play hangman while remembering the order of the thirteen original states. After reading the clue, simply click on the letters to begin revealing the answer.
Article
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Us History: 1754 1800: The Federalist Papers

For Students 9th - 10th
In the Federalist Papers, Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay made the case for ratifying the new US Constitution.
Unit Plan
C3 Teachers

C3 Teachers: u.s. History Module: Did Founders Want Government to Work? [Pdf]

For Teachers 9th - 10th
A comprehensive learning module on the system of government established by the founders that includes three supporting questions accompanied by formative tasks and primary source materials, followed by a summative performance task....
Lesson Plan
Library of Congress

Loc: The Bill of Rights: Debating the Amendments

For Teachers 9th - 10th Standards
Help students grasp the idea of making amendments with this lesson on the debates of the amendments to the US Constitution. Use primary sources to have the students choose their own amendments, give them opportunity to analyze the...
Article
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Us History: 1754 1800: The Bill of Rights

For Students 9th - 10th
The first ten amendments to the US Constitution guarantee citizens' essential freedoms and rights.
Website
Teaching American History

Teaching American History: "In Doors": Ratification in State Conventions

For Students 9th - 10th
Strengthen understanding of the ratification of the Constitution. Study the state ratification conventions of Massachusetts, Virginia, and New York.
Graphic
University of Oregon

Intro to u.s. Politics: Anti Federalist and Federalist Models of a Republic

For Students 9th - 10th
In chart form, review the major differences between the political ideas of the Federalists and the Antifederalists, including a comparison on the nature of representation, sovereignty, legislative deliberation, governmental legitimacy,...
Handout
Bill of Rights Institute

Bill of Rights Institute: James Madison

For Students 9th - 10th
James Madison's slight stature and reserved personality gave little indication of his keen intellect and shrewd nature. No other Founder had as much influence in crafting, ratifying, and interpreting the United States Constitution and...
Unit Plan
University of Groningen

American History: Biographies: Alexander Hamilton

For Students 9th - 10th
This site is provided for by the University of Groningen. Alexander Hamilton represented the growing movement towards a strong national government. Read the beginning stages of the nationalist movement, the conflicting ideas of state...
Graphic
Curated OER

Etc: Maps Etc: Women Suffrage Before the Amendment, August 1, 1920

For Students 9th - 10th
A map of the United States showing the progression of suffrage prior to the Nineteenth Amendment of the Constitution, ratified on August 18, 1920. "The map shows the status of women suffrage, or the right of women to vote on an equality...
Graphic
Curated OER

John Dickinson

For Students 9th - 10th
A good biography of John Dickinson (1732-1808 CE). He was one of the delegates to the Constitutional convention from Delaware. He was a strong supporter of the new Constitution and as a result, Delaware became the first state to ratify...
Graphic
Curated OER

Educational Technology Clearinghouse: Maps Etc: Rhode Island, 1898

For Students 9th - 10th
A map from 1898 of Rhode Island, "One of the thirteen original States and smallest in the Union; supposed temporary settlement of Icelanders as early as 1000. Settled by Roger Williams at Providence 1636. Island of Aquidneck (Rhode...