Handout
Vroma Project

V Roma Project: Roman Army in the Late Republic and Early Empire

For Students 9th - 10th
This resource will answer questions about the Roman army. It contains abundant, accurate information as well as pictures that illustrate most major points. After reading through the page, continue on to Part II for information on armor,...
eBook
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Reformed Constitution

For Students 9th - 10th
A description of organization of the Roman army, set up in the 6th century BC, by the Etruscan king, Servius Tullius. This was the basis of the army through the Republic.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: The Supremacy of Rome in Italy

For Students 9th - 10th
One of Rome's strengths was the way it governed the peoples it conquered. Find out the difference between the Romans, the Latins, and the Italians in terms of rights of citizenship.
Handout
Wikimedia

Wikipedia: Rome

For Students 9th - 10th
Wikipedia's encyclopedia entry for Rome, the capital city of Italy, which became the capital during the days of the Roman Republic. Links are also provided for additional information on related subjects.
Website
Franco Cavazzi

Roman Empire: The City of Rome

For Students 9th - 10th
At this site from the Roman Empire, The Forum is explained, from its early beginnings to the later days of the Republic. This site colorfully describes the people, shops, markets, and the "Subura."
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Rise of Antony and Octavius

For Students 9th - 10th
In William Morey's 1901 textbook, he discusses the changes in Rome after Caesar's assassination, and the Second Triumvirate.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Conquest of Latium

For Students 9th - 10th
Rome strengthens her position on the Italian peninsula, defeating her neighbors, and establishing a method of incorporating and governing colonies which she will use in her future expansion.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Conquest of Southern Italy

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about Rome's final consolidation of all the towns on the Italian peninsula, from the Rubicon to to the Strait of Sicily. The war against Pyrrhus gives us the ironic statement of a Pyrrhic victory.
Lesson Plan
Discovery Education

Discovery Education: Rome's Rise to Power: The Republic

For Teachers 9th - 10th
A detailed lesson plan designed to teach students about the republican form of government established by the Romans in their early history and also how it relates to American government today.
Website
Other

Digital Attic: The Military Affairs of Ancient Rome

For Students 9th - 10th
Everything you want to know about the Roman army is discussed and explained here in great detail. This covers all aspects of the Julius Caesar's legions in his invasion of Gaul.
Website
Other

Personal Site: The Roman Army

For Students 9th - 10th
A very extensive personal site dealing with all aspects of the Roman Army: organization, leadership, tactics, logistics and much more. Click on the "Site Map" at bottom of home page to get a listing of the individual topics.
Handout
University of Chicago

Encyclopedia Romana: Wine and Rome

For Students 9th - 10th
This article from the Encyclopedia Romana contains an extensive discussion on the development of wine cultivation in the Roman Republic. The information is very in-depth and informative, with links to additional information. This is...
Article
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Introduction to Ancient Rome

For Students 9th - 10th
From a Republic to an Empire. In legend Rome was founded in 753 B.C.E. by Romulus, its first king. In 509 B.C.E. Rome became a republic ruled by the Senate (wealthy landowners and elders) and the Roman people. During the 450 years of the...
Website
Franco Cavazzi

The Roman Empire: Gaius Marius & His Roman Army Reforms

For Students 9th - 10th
This site from The Roman Empire explores Gaius Marius' role in reforming the Roman Army. Content includes a detailed biography. The article continues with Sulla and the Social wars, the decline of the Republic, and the end of the Republic.
Website
Franco Cavazzi

The Roman Empire: Gaius Julius Caesar

For Students 9th - 10th
This site from the Roman Empire provides a general biography of Julius Caesar. Content includes Caesar's early life, his capture by pirates, his return to Rome, his military trip to Spain, the "First Triumvirate," his governorship of...
Handout
Franco Cavazzi

The Roman Empire: Marcus Licinius Crassus (D. 53 Bc)

For Students 9th - 10th
This site explains how Crassus gained power in Rome, raised an army, became governor of Syria, and was eventually murdered.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Civil War Between Antony and Octavius

For Students 9th - 10th
This passage in William Morey's 1901 textbook explains the hostility between Antony and Octavius and Octavius' triumph.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Equalization of the Orders

For Students 9th - 10th
This article shows how, through debt, agrarian, and legislative reform, the patricians and plebeians finally form a united citizenship.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Times of Pompey and Caesar:the Rise of Pompey

For Students 9th - 10th
In a passage from William Morey's 1901 textbook, we learn of the military brilliance of Pompey.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Struggle for Equal Laws

For Students 9th - 10th
The Laws of the Twelve Tables were written down as a result of the continuing conflict between patricians and plebeians. Now laws were not secret and applied to all, regardless of class.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Second Secession and Its Results

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about how the patricians finally understand the importance of the plebeians, who are then granted the right to pass laws for all and to intermarry with patricians.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Reforms of Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus

For Students 9th - 10th
This chapter in William Morey's 1901 text discusses the land reforms of the Gracchi brothers. Find out how well they worked and the problems they caused.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: The Civil War Between Marius and Sulla

For Students 9th - 10th
In William Morey's 1901 textbook, this section considers the dispute between Marius and Sulla, resulting in a civil war.
Handout
Other

United Nations of Roma Victrix: Gallic Sack of Rome

For Students 9th - 10th
Find out how Romans hold out against the sacking, burning, and siege of their city by the barbarians from Gaul.