Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Struggle for Equal Laws

For Students 9th - 10th
The Laws of the Twelve Tables were written down as a result of the continuing conflict between patricians and plebeians. Now laws were not secret and applied to all, regardless of class.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Second Secession and Its Results

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about how the patricians finally understand the importance of the plebeians, who are then granted the right to pass laws for all and to intermarry with patricians.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Reforms of Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus

For Students 9th - 10th
This chapter in William Morey's 1901 text discusses the land reforms of the Gracchi brothers. Find out how well they worked and the problems they caused.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: The Civil War Between Marius and Sulla

For Students 9th - 10th
In William Morey's 1901 textbook, this section considers the dispute between Marius and Sulla, resulting in a civil war.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Flavian Emperors: Disputed Succession

For Students 9th - 10th
In this passage from William Morey's 1901 textbook, you read about the influence of the military in choosing four emperors in one year.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Flavian Emperors: Reign of Titus

For Students 9th - 10th
William Morey offers a description of the brief reign of Titus in his textbook of 1901.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Five Good Emperors: Reign of Nerva

For Students 9th - 10th
William Morey's 1901 textbook covers the five good emperors, the first of whom is Nerva.
Website
Library of Congress

Loc: Rome Reborn: The Vatican Library and Renaissance Culture

For Students 9th - 10th
This exhibition includes information and artifacts from the Vatican Library regarding archaeology, humanism, mathematics, music, medicine, nature, and more.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Second Punic War (Bc 218 201)

For Students 9th - 10th
This chapter from William Morey's 1901 text lays out the entire course of the Second Punic War. The brilliant military strategies of Hannibal and Scipio Africanus are thoroughly explained.
Handout
Forum Romanum

Outlines of Roman History: Julian Emperors: Reign of Caligula

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about the insanity of Caligula in William Morey's 1901 textbook.
Article
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Teacher Serve: 19th Century: Roman Catholics & Immigration in 19th Century America

For Students 9th - 10th
Essay answers the question, "Why did so many Catholics come to the United States at this time?" The potato famine, urban industrialization, chance for a new life, are among some of the answers.
Handout
Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies

Orb: The Second Crusade, Rome 1145

For Students 9th - 10th
A thorough chronology of the Second Crusade, from inception to defeat.
Article
Library of Congress

World Digital Library: Mathematics: "Arabic" Numerals or Roman Numerals?

For Students 9th - 10th
Learn about "Arabic numerals" and how the works of al-Uqlidisi advanced our understanding of numbers in this article.
Unit Plan
Other

The Romans:latin Literature

For Students 9th - 10th
Latin was originally one of several dialects spoken in Italy - it came to dominate as a result of Roman expansion. Roman poetry was very much influenced by Greek models, and by Greek metres.
Unit Plan
Other

The Romans: Etruscan Influence

For Students 9th - 10th
The wealthy Etruscans to the north occupy Rome and impose government by kings - we have the names of six (ignoring the mythical Romulus).
Activity
PBS

Pbs Learning Media: Construct an Aqueduct

For Students 9th - 10th
Think like an engineer and build an aqueduct in this interactive activity from the NOVA: "Secrets of Lost Empires: Roman Bath" Web site.
Graphic
Other

Nova Roma

For Students 9th - 10th
This site is dedicated to the study and restoration of ancient Roman culture. Site allows student to apply for Roman citizenship and live as a Roman! Delve into the religion, the philosophy, the virtues, the art, and more - of ancient Rome.
Website
University of Calgary

University of Calgary: Germanic Invasions of Europe

For Students 9th - 10th
This resource provides a description of the relationship between Germania and the Roman Empire from the days of the Early Republic, and how these relationships changed as Germanic tribes began to exert pressure and eventually invaded the...
Handout
Wikimedia

Wikipedia: Trier

For Students 9th - 10th
Wikipedia, a publically-maintained wiki, offers information on the German city of Trier, including its well-preserved Roman buildings, city gate, and baths. There are images and external links, as well.
Handout
Other

The Paintings From Boscotrecase

For Students 9th - 10th
A art history article on a series of wall paintings belonging to the "Third Style" found in a villa near Pompeii that may have belonged to the daughter of Augustus. There are five sections, the section entitled "The Painter in Roman Art"...
Handout
ibiblio

Ibiblio: The Origins of Archaeology

For Students 9th - 10th
An account which describes the work of Renaissance scholars to "reconstruct," ancient Rome and its architecture. A number of Renaissance manuscripts are shown. Click on "From collection to Reconstruction" (bottom of page) to go to next...
Website
Other

Reed College: Livy

For Students 9th - 10th
A short but accurate description of the life of Livy plus includes an chronological outline of Livy's history of Rome and how current scholarship views Livy.
Handout
Other

The History of the Colosseum

For Students 9th - 10th
Gives a detailed history on the origins, building and use of the Colosseum in Rome. Also has information on the architecture, games etc., a very complete explanation.
Website
Library of Congress

Loc: Vatican Exhibit: The City Recovers

For Students 9th - 10th
This section of a larger Library of Congress site briefly explains the city of Rome and its recovery during the 1500s and 1600s and includes maps and drawings of the city during that time. In addition, you'll find images of a number of...

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