Article
A&E Television

History.com: How Us Presidents Have Communicated With the Public From the Telegraph to Twitter

For Students 9th - 10th
From carefully staged speeches to radio to Twitter, U.S. presidents have always leveraged the cutting edge to connect directly with voters. Two centuries before Twitter, U.S. presidents understood the power of communicating directly with...
Article
A&E Television

History.com: Was There Really a "Red Telephone" Hotline During the Cold War?

For Students 9th - 10th
During the height of the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union established a direct communications link to allow their leaders to contact one another in the event of a nuclear crisis or other emergency. This Washington-Moscow...
Handout
University of Groningen

American History: Outlines: Constitutional Convention

For Students 9th - 10th
George Washington wrote of the period between the Treaty of Paris and the writing of the Constitution that the states were united only by a "rope of sand."Disputes between Maryland and Virginia over navigation on the Potomac River led to...
Handout
US Department of State

Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Edmund Jennings Randolph (1753 1813)

For Students 9th - 10th
Brief biography provides an overview of Edmund Randolph's rise to prominence as Secretary of State under George Washington, and discusses his influence on American diplomacy.
Handout
US Department of State

Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Timothy Pickering (1745 1829)

For Students 9th - 10th
Biography of Timothy Pickering provides details of his rise to prominence, appointment to Secretary of State by George Washington and his influence on American diplomacy.
Article
A&E Television

History.com: Controversial Supreme Court Nominations Through History

For Students 9th - 10th
Presidents dating back to George Washington have faced opposition to their nominees for the nation's highest court. The justices who sit on the Supreme Court of the United States hold a unique governing power, making their selection...
Handout
NSTATE

Washington: The Great Seal of Washington

For Students 9th - 10th
Contains information on the Great Seal of Washington as well as information on the statehood of Washington.
Graphic
Curated OER

Washington State Flag

For Students 9th - 10th
Features excellent information regarding the state of Washington history, famous people, cities, geography, state parks, tourism, and historic sites. A fact sheet of information and a quiz are also available.
Website
Library of Congress

Loc: George Washington to the United States Senate, 1789

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
A summary of Washington's task to appoint Supreme Court and other federal judicial officials, appointments which he based on relevant experience, their support for the constitution, and on where they lived. Includes images of a...
Handout
Encyclopedia Britannica

Encyclopedia Britannica: George Washington Williams

For Students 9th - 10th
This entry from Encyclopedia Britannica features George Washington Williams, an American historian, clergyman, politician, lawyer, lecturer, and soldier who was the first person to write an objective and scientifically researched history...
Website
Digital History

Digital History: Religious Freedom and the Founders

For Students 9th - 10th
Read the background for the Founding Fathers' support of freedom of religion and separation of church and state. Included are parts of letters in which George Washington and Thomas Jefferson celebrate the fact that the United States was...
Activity
Washington State University

Washington State University: American Literature

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
A comprehensive site devoted to American literature compiled by a professor of English at Washington State University. Includes an alphabetical index of American authors, with links to biographical information, works online, critical...
Website
Digital History

Digital History: The New Nation [Pdf]

For Teachers 9th - 10th
Many problems existed for the new United States. Read about issues facing George Washington as the new President, and find out about the major successes of the first Congress. [PDF]
Handout
Other

Whc Women's Suffrage: The Fight for Washington Women's Suffrage

For Students 9th - 10th
A brief history of women's suffrage in Washington state as the legislature developed policies in both the Territorial Legislature and as it prepared to become a state.
Website
Digital History

Digital History: The Whiskey Rebellion [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th
The Whiskey Rebellion was an early challenge to the new United States government. Read about the importance of whiskey in the back country and the need for the United States to find sources of revenues. This is a story of east vs. west,...
Website
Digital History

Digital History: Hamilton, Jefferson, First National Bank of the Us [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th
As with so many other ideas, Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton were on opposite sides of the formation of a national bank. Read why Hamilton thought it was a great idea, why Jefferson opposed it, and what they each wrote to...
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: Growing Opposition

For Students 5th - 8th
George Washington's cabinet had strong personalities with often opposing opinions. Read about the differences between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson in regard to Hamilton's financial policies for the new country. See why these...
Unit Plan
Washington State University

Washington State University: Timeline of American Literature 1750 1799

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
Timeline of the social, political, and literary history of Colonial America and the United States, from 1750 to 1799. Contains information about writers of the period, along with portraits and links to related websites.
Website
Digital History

Digital History: Hamilton and Jefferson the Men and Their Philosophies [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th
Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton played a huge role not only in crafting important documents in U.S. history, but also by serving as secretaries in George Washington's first cabinet. Read about their diametrically opposing...
Website
Digital History

Digital History: Years of Crisis

For Students 9th - 10th
It's not surprising the United States would have challenges in its first years. Read about the problems with foreign countries, its own citizens who resisted taxes, and dealings with Native Americans.
Handout
US Army Center

U.s. Army Center of Military History: Timothy Pickering

For Students 9th - 10th
This brief biography of Timothy Pickering focuses on his military and political careers.
Activity
Washington State University

Washington State University: Literary Movements: Puritan Meditation Tradition

For Students 9th - 10th
This site defines the meditation tradition and analyzes its history and use in Puritan literature and theology. Contains a bibliography of works as well as images of selected writers.
Website
History Link

History Link: Train Disaster at Wellington Kills 96 on March 1, 1910

For Students 9th - 10th
Fascinating story of the worst avalanche in the history of the United States. Find photos of the avalanche which took place in Wellington, Washington in 1910.
Website
Digital History

Digital History: Sedition Act and the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
Read about the foreign policy problems the United States was having at the beginning of the Adams administration. See what led up the the passage of the Sedition Act and some ramifications of it, and the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions...

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