Interactive
iCivics

I Civics: The Enlightenment Mini Lesson

For Teachers 6th - 8th
The Enlightenment was a period of time, starting around 1715, when people developed new ideas about human existence, including people's basic rights and the purpose of government. When our Founding Fathers created a government for the...
Lesson Plan
iCivics

I Civics: A Dive Into Democracy

For Students 6th - 8th
The Founding Fathers had many influences. Discover how aspects of Athenian democracy shaped the structure and ideals of the U.S. government.
Website
Aaron Shepherd

Aaron's Storybook: Folktales

For Students Pre-K - 1st Standards
Many folktale resources are offered here. Texts of stories, "extras" including music and audio files, posters and background information can be found for some stories.
Activity
Read Works

Read Works: Margo's Idea

For Teachers 1st
[Free Registration/Login Required] A literary text about a little girl named Margo who had an idea to build a birdbath with her dad. A question sheet is available to help students build skills in reading comprehension.
Website
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Harcourt: Biographies: James Madison

For Students 9th - 10th
A brief biography of James Madison. Find out why James Madison was called the father of the constitution. Learn how his life affected the United States. (In Spanish)
Website
Digital History

Digital History: The Debate Over Ratifying the Constitution [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about why ratification of the United States' new constitution was such a struggle. Find arguments for and against ratification, and discover who supported the Federalist position and who the Anti-Federalist position. [PDF]
Website
University of Groningen

American History: Outlines: George Washington as Chairman

For Students 9th - 10th
Overview of the significant contributions of George Washington and his importance as an early leader in forming the U.S. government.
Primary
Other

Liberty Online: Locke's Second Treatise on Government: Of Conquest

For Students 9th - 10th
At this site you can read Chapter XVI, Of Conquest, by John Locke stating that the basis of any government must be the consent of the people, and implying in the writing that war or revolution is often mistaken as consent. (Published in...
Primary
Other

Liberty Online: Patrick Henry: Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death

For Students 9th - 10th
Full text of the "Give me Liberty or Give me Death" (1775) speech by Patrick Henry.
Activity
Other

University of Delware: Franklin and Friends

For Students 9th - 10th
Using historically significant documents and photos from its collection, this exhibit probes the various interests of Franklin and the influential friends that shared his interests.
eBook
Other

Institute for American Liberty: The First Principles of the Constitution [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
This article contains information about the principles used to create the Constitution of the United States.
Article
Cato Institute

James Madison's Vision of Liberty [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th
An article by the CATO institute about James Madison's vision for his writing and contribution for the U.S. Constitutional Convention. Includes information on his views of a limited government for citizens' rights.
Website
Other

American Presidents: John Adams

For Students 9th - 10th
List of facts about John Adams and his presidency, with links to additional information, including the text of his inaugural address and a letter to Thomas Jefferson.
Interactive
Smithsonian Institution

National Portrait Gallery: Who Am I? (Portrait Puzzler)

For Students 9th - 10th
Match the portraits of eight famous Americans who played major roles in the American Revolution with their famous deeds. A short exercise that can be used by individual learners to test their understanding of basic U.S. history content...
Handout
Bill of Rights Institute

Bill of Rights Institute: John Adams

For Students 9th - 10th
Short, overweight, and quick-tongued, John Adams hardly fits the model of the typical Founder. But Adams's contributions to American independence and the formation of the United States government were great. Adams penned defenses of...
Handout
Bill of Rights Institute

Bill of Rights Institute: Charles Carroll

For Students 9th - 10th
Charles Carroll is primarily remembered today for his political leadership in Maryland during the Revolutionary era. A wealthy planter, Carroll became a major figure in the patriot movement in 1773 when he penned the First Citizen...
Handout
Bill of Rights Institute

Bill of Rights Institute: John Dickinson

For Students 9th - 10th
John Dickinson was called "The Penman of the American Revolution." During the 1760s and 1770s, he authored numerous important essays in defense of American rights, including The Late Regulations Respecting the British Colonies, the...
Handout
Bill of Rights Institute

Bill of Rights Institute: Roger Sherman

For Students 9th - 10th
Although not the most charismatic or eloquent Founder, Roger Sherman was highly esteemed by his contemporaries. At Sherman's death, Ezra Stiles, president of Yale College, wrote, "He was an extraordinary man-a venerable uncorrupted...
Handout
Other

Monticello: Timeline of Jefferson's Life

For Students 9th - 10th
Provides a parallel chronology of public and private events in Thomas Jefferson's life in vertical timeline format.
Website
A&E Television

History.com: American Presidents: John Adams

For Students 9th - 10th
This easy-to-navigate site has John Adams' biography, a timeline detailing some of the significant events in his life, an image gallery, and several video clips.
Website
A&E Television

History.com: American Presidents: Thomas Jefferson

For Students 9th - 10th
This easy-to-navigate site has Thomas Jefferson's biography, events in his life, an image gallery, several video clips.
Handout
Other

American Revolution: Those Glorious "Principles of 1776": Confederate Perspective

For Students 9th - 10th
This site explains the Southern perspective on the voluntary union of states and the justification for the South seceding from the Union.
Unit Plan
The Dirksen Congressional Center

Congress for Kids: Delegates to the Constitutional Convention

For Students 3rd - 5th
The Constitutional Convention of May 1787 is explained in kid-friendly terms. Suggestions for research projects, resource links and some activities are included. The rest of the site has lots more information on the US government.
Unit Plan
CommonLit

Common Lit: Themes: Honor & Courage: What Makes a Hero?

For Students 9th - 10th
This is a collection of Grade-Leveled texts (3-12) to address the question, "What makes a hero?" Select a grade level and a collection of on grade-level reading passages on the topic comes up. [Free account registration required for...