This site provides an extensive collection of references to Pythagoras and Pythagoreanism, found in the philosophical writings of Plato, Aristotle, and others.

This lesson outline summarizes the philosophical issues embedded in the book Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day by Judith Viorst. This is followed by question sets that teachers can use to guide students in a...

A complete biography of the philosopher John Locke. It discusses his contribution to philosophy and his social contract.

A detailed account of the Buddha's life and teachings written from a philosophical perspective.

Trace how philosophers throughout history have envisioned the ideal government. Explore ideas from Locke, Hobbes, Rousseau, and more.

Discover some of the deep questions that scientists and philosophers ask about time and some of the ideas that emerge from each one.

Throughout the history of mankind, the subject of identity has sent poets to the blank page, philosophers to the agora and seekers to the oracles. These murky waters of abstract thinking are tricky to navigate, so it's probably fitting...

Ancient History Sourcebook offers the Meditations of Marcus Aurelius Antonius, the "philosopher emperor" of Rome. This is one of the few pieces of literature written by a world leader; even more striking is the fact that it is a work of...

Information and lesson ideas pertaining to the famous American thinker. The yellow, left side of the page contains teaching ideas, and the white, right side of the page contains background.

Selected quotes by Bertrand Russell (1872-1970), the British philosopher, logician, essayist, social critic, and pacifist. You will find a taste of his thinking on everything from relationships ("One should have a general attitude of...

This profile of Margaret Fuller (1810-1850) reveals why she is sometimes called "the most important woman of the nineteenth century." Discussion includes her literary criticism, journalism, and her feminist manifesto, Woman of the...

A very extensive analysis from the University of Oregon of John Milton's three most popular works: "Paradise Lost," "Paradise Regained," and "Samson Agonistes." Has religious and philosophical perspectives.

Excellent overview of logic. Defines the term in informative detail, while relating logic to its neighbors in epistemology, metaphysics, and analytic philosophy. A terrific introduction to the subject.

This is a complete online study guide/notes for the novel The Stranger by Albert Camus including author information, literary elements, chapter-by-chapter summaries/notes, study questions, and analysis.

Describes how Baghdad grew into a place of scholarship during the Golden Age of Islam. The Caliph, Abdullah Al Ma'moun, brought many foreign scholars to translate books by renowned thinkers and philosophers for Baghdad's House of Wisdom....

This selection from Aristotle's "Poetics" offers the famous Greek philosopher's explanation of the origins of comedy. For a complete understanding of both comedy and tragedy in the traditional literary sense, the entire text of...

This online panel accepts a submitted question and then "puts the talents and knowledge of philosophers at the service of the general public." After a question is sent in, the philosophers are put to work in answering the question based...

Incidents from the life of Greek philosopher Hipparchia are featured on this page from Diotima, publisher of "materials for the study of women and gender in the ancient world."

Learn what metaphysics is and what some different branches of this discipline are. Looks at Ontology, Philosophical Theology, and Cosmology.

Brief glimpse into the life of Benjamin Franklin: scientist, inventor, writer, statesman, philosopher, and economist.

An explanaton of Dhamma (Dharma), the nonaggressive, moral and philosophical system of the practicing Buddhist.

"Scholasticism in the Thirteenth Century" covers many philosophers. For information on Roger Bacon, go to the third section, The Great Schoolmen of the Thirteenth Century, and examine paragraphs 6, 7, and 8. The focus is on Bacon's life...

A one-page summary of the life and philosophy of influential eighteenth-century Anglo-Irish Parliamentarian Edmund Burke, whose theories of government led him to sympathize with the American colonists against the British crown, to...

This text is a letter by Voltaire on why he considers Francis Bacon to be one of the greatest men of history.