Article
Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History

Gilder Lehrman Institute: History Now: African Immigration to Colonial America

For Students 9th - 10th
An interesting essay on the forced migration of Africans to America by way of the Middle Passage. Read where the slaves were off-loaded, how the population of slaves increased, and the inhumanities inflicted on the slaves both on the...
Website
Digital History

Digital History: The Rise of Antislavery Sentiment

For Students 9th - 10th
See how the increase of slavery stimulated the economy on three continents through the transatlantic triangular trade.
Handout
Other

West Chester University: The Trans Atlantic Economy in 1800

For Students 9th - 10th
This short but good article examines the state of trade as it existed in 1800 between Europe, the Americas and Africa. There is a nice discussion on the slave trade as well as the need for the Europeans to acquire more markets for their...
Handout
Understanding Slavery Initiative

Understanding Slavery: Atlantic Crossing: First Hand Accounts Case Study

For Students 9th - 10th
Read eye-witness accounts of the brutality and cruelty suffered by enslaved Africans as they traveled across the Atlantic on slave ships.
Handout
Understanding Slavery Initiative

Understanding Slavery: Atlantic Crossing: Capture and Enslavement Case Study

For Students 9th - 10th
Find out about the four ways African men, women, and children became enslaved: criminals sold by chiefs, free Africans captured, domestic slaves resold, and prisoners of war sold to other slave owners.
Unit Plan
National Museums Liverpool

International Slavery Museum: Slaves' Stories

For Teachers 3rd - 8th
An intriguing resource that gives first hand accounts of four Africans being taken from their homes and forced into slavery. Click on the pictures of the people to read their unbelievable stories and see artifacts about slavery.
Website
Library of Congress

Loc: Slavery the Peculiar Institution

For Students 9th - 10th
Opposition to slavery was growing as slaves rebelled, mutinied, or ran escaped from owners. View these resistance strategies through the following primary sources that include art, original maps, testimonies, newspapers, and letters.
Unit Plan
Yale University

Yale University: Citizens All: African Americans in Connecticut 1750 1850

For Students 9th - 10th
This learning module provides an in-depth examination of the African-American struggle for freedom in 17th- and 18th-century Connecticut. It focuses on five localities and themes accompanied by personal stories as it explores the journey...
Article
Siteseen

Siteseen: Land of the Brave: Salutary Neglect

For Students 9th - 10th
Salutary neglect was a long-standing British policy in the thirteen colonies which allowed the colonists to flout, or violate, the laws associated with trade. There were no effective enforcement agencies and it was expensive to send...
Article
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: African Americans in the British New World

For Students 5th - 8th
Read about the transit of Africans from their homeland to the American British colonies to work on plantations in the south as part of leg in the triangular trade.
Lesson Plan
Yale University

Yale New Haven Teachers Institute: Black Emancipators of the 19th Century

For Teachers 9th - 10th
A lesson plan unit on the people and movements that fought to abolish slavery. Looks at the Triangular Trade, and at the Underground Railroad and famous abolitionists. Includes a play about emancipation, a black history rap and a trivia...
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: African Americans in the British New World: The Middle Passage

For Students 5th - 8th
A description of the Middle Passage, the leg of the triangular trade that brought slaves from Africa to America. Read descriptions of the way slaves were transported in the ships across the ocean.
Handout
Understanding Slavery Initiative

Understanding Slavery Initiative: Atlantic Crossing

For Students 9th - 10th
Discover the period some refer to as "Middle Passage," when enslaved Africans were transported across the Atlantic Ocean to the Caribbean or America. Read first-hand accounts of the torture and deprivation experienced by thousands of...
Handout
Understanding Slavery Initiative

Understanding Slavery Initiative: Resistance and Rebellion

For Students 9th - 10th
Enslaved Africans fought hard to win back their freedom through resistance, rebellions, and uprisings. Rebellions along the Middle Passage and in places like the Caribbean were important to the retention of African culture.
Handout
Other

National Maritime Museum: Freedom: Abolition in Britain

For Students 9th - 10th
Illustrated essay on the abolition of slavery in Britain.
Handout
History of American Wars

History of American Wars: What Caused the Civil War?

For Students 9th - 10th
A timeline from the 17th to the 19th century showing the evolution of the slavery issue in the United States, leading eventually to the Civil War.
Website
British Library

British Library: Discovering Literature: Politics and Religion

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
The Civil Wars and the Restoration of the monarchy, the Enlightenment or 'Age of Reason', and British colonialism: investigate the political and religious contexts of Restoration and 18th-century literature.
Website
British Library

British Library: Discovering Literature: An Introduction to Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded

For Students 9th - 10th
"Pamela", or "Virtue Rewarded" evolved from a collection of model letters into a bestselling novel. This article introduces Samuel Richardson's work and its exploration of gender, class, sexual harassment, and marriage.
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: West African Society at the Point of European Contact

For Students 5th - 8th
Prior to European contact, western Africa's powerful kingdoms supported the arts, technology, and thriving economies. Read about the areas from which slaves were transported before the transatlantic trade began.