The democratic upheaval in politics exemplified by Jackson's election was merely one phase of the long American quest for greater rights and opportunities for all citizens. Another was the beginning of labor organization, primarily among skilled and semiskilled workers. In 1835 labor forces in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, succeeded in reducing the old "dark-to-dark" workday to a 10-hour day. By 1860, the new work day had become law in several of the states and was a generally accepted standard.

Concepts

reform movements

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Additional Tags

public education 19th century, temperance movement, american history: stirrings of reform, reform movements (1816 to 1860)

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Classroom Considerations

• Knovation Readability Score: 5 (1 low difficulty, 5 high difficulty)

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