Pub Med: Extending Mertonian Norms: Scientist Subscription to Norms of Research

Presents a research study done to investigate to what extent scientists adhered to the four norms set out by Robert K. Merton, and what other principles scientists subscribed to. It explains Merton's four norms - communality, universalism, disinterestedness, and organized skepticism. It also describes counter-norms, i.e., those that run counter to Merton's norms, and criticisms that have been leveled against Merton's norms. The methods developed for measuring scientists' use of norms is next explained, followed by a lengthy description of the process, findings, and conclusions.