Other
Lumen Learning: Encroachment and Resistance
In the latter part of the 1800s, settlers began to ignore treaties when expanding westward. The government followed suit by declaring they would no longer negotiate new treaties, that they had the power to enforce laws on reservation...
Other
Nevada Writers Hall of Fame: Tocmetoni Sarah Winnemucca
Contains a description on the life and works of Sarah Winnemucca, Native American author and rights activist.
Other
The Weekly South Dakotan: South Dakota History for 4th Grade
From the very beginning and through the twentieth century, this comprehensive collection of lessons will enrich students studying the history in between and the effects on South Dakota.
PBS
Wnet: Thirteen: Freedom: A History of Us: Whose Land Is This? Webisode 8
From Joy Hakim's marvelous set of books, A History of US, this webisode offers narrative, pictures, and teaching guides for the settling of the West after the Civil War.
Other
Wounded Knee Museum
Virtual tour of the massacre at Wounded Knee from a museum dedicated to preserving the history of what happened there.
Other
Colorado College: Tutt Library: Helen Hunt Jackson Papers
Site includes a biography, chronology, and collection of writings of and about Helen Hunt Jackson.
University of Missouri
Famous Trials: An Account of the Leonard Peltier Trial
Read an account of th events that led to the arrest of Leonard Peltier for the murder of two FBI agents. Did he receive a fair trial? Find a wealth of information related to this controversial trial.
Discovering Lewis & Clark
Discovering Lewis & Clark: Blackbird Hill, Nebraska
Read William Clark's journal entry concerning the event that took place early on the morning of August 11, 1804, when Lewis and Clark visited the grave of Blackbird, one of the great leaders of the Omaha Nation.
Other
Powerful People: Geronimo, Chiricahua Apache
Many beautiful quotes from Geronimo, as well as a short biography.
Other
Kansas History: The Last Land Rush
A brief description of the land rush onto the Cherokee Strip, land sold by the Cherokees to the U.S. government in 1891.
Other
Ctuir: The History and Culture of the Cayuse
An account that describes the language, history and culture of the Cayuse, Umatilla and Walla Walla Indian tribes.
University of Washington
University of Washington Libraries: Assimilation Through Education
Read about the Indians of the Pacific Northwest and the boarding schools whose curriculum attempted to assimilate their children into the dominant American culture.
Other
Illinois Department of Natural Reserve: Prophetstown History
This resource provides background historical information of the creation of Prophetstown.
CommonLit
Common Lit: Heartbeat of Mother Earth
A learning module that begins with the poem "Heartbeat of Mother Earth" by CR Willing McManis, accompanied by guided reading questions, assessment questions, and discussion questions. The text can be printed as a PDF or assigned online...
Yale University
Avalon Project: Treaty With Kiowa, Comanche and Apache; Oct. 21, 1867
Actual text of the Medicine Lodge Treaty, which establishes an Apache reservation, promises to establish reservation schools and increases annual payments of money and supplies.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Closing the Frontier
A brief look at the conflict between Native Americans in the last half of the 19th century. By the end of the century, Native Americans were relegated to reservation life. See how the struggle was fought and find out the advantages of...
PBS
Pbs the West: Gen. Nelson A. Miles on the "Sioux Outbreak"
Statements and reports forwarded up the chain of command in 1891 about the failure of the government to provide either food or other promised support to Sioux Indians after the destruction of buffalo herds.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Wounded Knee Massacre
Read about the phenomenon of the Ghost Dance that was causing a religious reawakening with Native Americans in the 1880s. See how this caused the travesty at Wounded Knee Creek where the U.S. Army attacked peaceful Sioux who were trying...
Curated OER
Aim Logo
Provides information on the American Indian Movement under the following sections: Spiritual Heritage, Back to the Reservations, and AIM in Canada.
Curated OER
Educational Technology Clearinghouse: Maps Etc: The New West, 1889 1912
A map of the western United States showing the rapid growth of the New West between 1885 and 1912 during the presidencies from Benjamin Harrison to Howard Taft. The map is color-coded to show the States admitted to the Union before the...
Other
Combined Arms Research Library: Atlas of the Sioux Wars:
An in-depth look at the Sioux Wars from 1862-1877. Included are maps for many topics discussed.
Other
New Mexico Office of State Historian: 1864 Navajo Long Walk to Bosque Redondo
Explains the military's attempts to stop Navajo raids and the eventual evacuation of the Navajo to Bosque Redondo, the Navajo Long Walk. Hyperlinks for additional information.
University of Missouri
Famous Trials: The Osage "Reign of Terror" Murder Trials
The "Reign of Terror" that overtook the Osage Reservation in 1921 is just one chapter in the long story of mistreatment of Native Americans by whites, but is one of the most horrifying. Before the chapter ends, untold dozens of Osage...
Other
Navajo Hopi Land Dispute
This essay is an extensive looks at the dispute between the Hopi and Navajo Nations over land in Arizona.