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Judicial Learning Center
Civil Rights and Equal Protection
Almost every American is familiar with the Supreme Court case of Brown vs. Board of Education. Far fewer understand the constitutional reasoning or the wide-ranging consequences of the ruling in the field of criminology. The interesting...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Early Involvement
The U.S. early involvement in Vietnam during the Eisenhower and Kennedy administrations consisted of military aid to the doomed South Vietnamese government. Read about Ho Chi Minh and his leadership of North Vietnam.
Smithsonian Institution
National Air and Space Museum: America by Air: Early Commercial Aviation
Commercial airlines took flight soon after the Wright brothers' famous first flights. Read about how the U.S. government encouraged the development of air travel.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Britain in the New World: The House of Burgesses
The Virginia House of Burgesses was the first elected legislature in the New World. Find out why the governmental conditions in England led to this representative government and how it was so different from the governing of colonies in...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Britain in the New World: Joint Stock Companies
A very good explanation of how early English settlements were financed, and why the English government refused to invest in such ventures. See who led such companies, who were willing to go to the New World, and why English colonies were...
Digital History
Digital History: Fighting Against Guerrillas: The Strategic Hamlet Program [Pdf]
Read about the ill-conceived Strategic Hamlet Program, designed by the government of Ngo Dinh Diem to fight against the growing influence of Ho Chi Minh and his Vietcong in the fight for Vietnam. [pdf]
Digital History
Digital History: 'Sink or Swim, With Ngo Dinh Diem' [Pdf]
After the French left Vietnam, there was a void that was filled by anti-Communist Ngo Dinh Diem. Read about the excesses his government carried out against suspected communists, and the excesses carried out by North Vietnamese leader, Ho...
University of Groningen
American History: Outlines: Samuel Adams
Overview on the early American radical, Samuel Adams, a political organizer who called for American independence.
University of Groningen
American History: Outlines: George Washington as Chairman
Overview of the significant contributions of George Washington and his importance as an early leader in forming the U.S. government.
Library of Congress
Loc: Religion and the New Republic: Emergence of the African American Church
This government site from the Library of Congress summarizes the founding of the African Methodist church in the early U.S. Topic is included in larger section, so readers must scroll down part way to the heading "The Emergence of the...
Digital History
Digital History: The Struggle for Public Schools
The ideal of public education has been one in the United States from the very earliest settlements. Read two teachers' view of the state of education as they taught in the early 1800s. Find out who supported the idea of free schooling...
Teaching American History
Teaching American History: From Political Liberty to Social Freedom
In the early stages of the new nation's government the members of Congress sought to protect the citizens from political tyranny. Social freedoms emerged in the twentieth century when FDR begged for economic protection of U.S. citizens.