Four documents establishing black mutual assistance and self-help organizations from the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries. A link to each document is provided.

Interviews with and narratives from former slaves who became free and letters from former slaves reflecting on their freedom.

Nineteenth-century accounts and twentieth-century recollections by former slaves of the absence of and obstacles to education for African Americans. Links to narratives of freed and newly freed slaves are provided.

Public addresses, letters, and narratives about the absence of and the need for citizenship rights for African Americans. Links to resources used to lobby for equal rights are provided at the top of the page.

A summary and questions related to an autobiography in which Booker T. Washington describes his early experience of freedom. A link to this full text is provided here as well.

This site from the Library of Congress provides overviews of the South and North during the Civil War include soldiers' stories from both sides. There are primary documents on these topics as well as Freedmen and the Reconstruction.

This resource provides a timeline of the Reconstruction era in the South.

This online directory from Fordham University provides an abundance of essays and articles detailing various aspects of the Russian Revolution as well as a list of additional sources.

This site from the Modern History Sourcebook of Fordham University provides a thorough discussion of the existence of slavery in early times giving the types of people who were taken as slaves and the work they performed. There were also...

In this essay, J. William Harris, Professor of History at the University of New Hampshire, explains the developments that brought about the demise of slavery.

In this Curriculum Unit, students will consider "Civil War: A"Terrible Swift Sword"" in 3 Lessons. The unit also includes worksheets and other student materials that can be found under the resource tab.

A collection of important documents highlighting events in United States history. These at one point were on display in the Rotunda of the National Archives Building. Each document is accompanied by a short description of its significance.

Multilayered lesson plan that begins with analysis of a series of photographs of the battle of Antietam and ends with writing an account of the battle in the style of a nineteenth-century war correspondent from opposing perspectives of...

Take a look at an image of the constitutional amendment that put an end to slavery in the United States. Interactive image is accompanied by an overview of the amendment's inception and adoption, as well as document transcript.

This site provides an extensive timeline of the life and work of Abraham Lincoln. Throughout the timeline there are photos that can be enlarged and many, many links to speeches, papers, letters of Lincoln's. The site is very easy to...

Study works of American art from the eighteen and nineteenth centuries. Works in a variety of media, including the decorative arts, are represented as are pieces by some of America's best-known artists: Copley, Church, Homer, and...

Following the Civil War in the United States came an era of reconstruction. The men and women who were freed from slavery were suddenly stuck trying to sort out all of the freedoms as well as new responsibilities they were facing. The...

A brief interview with Betty Wood, professor of history, on the significance of Dunmore's Proclamation to Loyalist plantation owners, Patriot plantation owners, and, in particular, the slaves themselves. From PBS.

This site features information on themes from Huck Finn. You will find activities and discussion questions to accompany the different sections.

Explore the life of Abraham Lincoln from his childhood through his presidency. This module includes extensive background, review questions, critical thinking questions, a timeline, and links to resources and primary sources.

An electronic text of the 1672 Declaration of Indulgence.

Here, read the full text of Lydia Child's "Anecdote of Elias Hicks," which tells the story of an abolitionist Quaker. It was originally published in 1839.

The Miller Center of Public Affairs at the University of Virginia offers biographical information on Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865 CE), including short-answer basics and a "Life in brief."

Abraham Lincoln is featured in this brief biography highlighting his ability to clearly communicate American ideals both as writer and orator. See "Abraham Lincoln Activities" for related materials.