Paul Andersen explains the importance of argumentation in improving both understanding and design. This video begins with a discussion of the heliocentric and geocentric model of the Universe that eventually lead to the Copernican...

Mr. Andersen explains the law of superposition and the principle of original horizontality. He uses an animation to explain how rock layers can accumulate over time.

In this video Paul Andersen explains how energy can be transferred from warmer objects to colder objects through heat. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. When two objects are in...

In this video Paul Andersen explains how the pressure, volume, amount, and temperature of an ideal gas are related. Absolute zero of a gas can be determined by varying the temperature and measuring the corresponding volume of a gas...

Paul Andersen reviews the concepts discovered by Gregor Mendel.

In this video Paul Andersen explains how Newton's Second Law applies when a net force acts on a body. The net force vector and the acceleration vector will act in the same direction. If an object acts on another object in a system the...

In this video Paul Andersen explains how the bond length and bond energy are calculated using an energy distance graph. The strength of the bond is determined by the charges in the constituent atoms. As the charge increases the bond...

Paul Andersen explains how plants use hormones to respond to their environment. The following hormones are detailed; auxin, cytokinins, gibberelins, abscisic acid and ethylene.

In this video Paul Andersen explains how light travels in photons which can be described as both particles and waves. Einstein showed that photons can be described as particles using the photoelectric effect to show that the energy of a...

In this video Paul Andersen explains how the structure of a biomolecule fits the function of the biomolecule. For example and enzyme must interact correctly with a substrate to lower the activation energy, The covalent and non-covalent...

In this video Paul Andersen explains how the wavelength of a standing wave is determined by the boundary length and frequency of the wave. The fundamental frequency has a wavelength double the boundary length. Harmonics are built on the...

Paul Andersen explains the importance of selection in biology. Artificial selection occurs when humans choose traits that will be selected for or against. This has created the variety of domesticated animals and crops. He then describes...

In this video Paul Andersen explains how Newton's Third Law applies to all objects. When an object applies a force to another object (Action) and equal and opposite force (Reaction) is applied to the original object. Several scenarios...

In this video Paul Andersen details the important structures and functions of the integumentary system. The integumentary system includes the skin, hair and nails in humans.

The people at Backyard Brains use a spiker box to turn me into a puppet.

Mr. Andersen explains how sound waves are created and perceived. A brief discussion of pitch and loudness are included. A generated sound of varying pitches is also included.

In this video Paul Andersen explains how chemical differs from physical change. In the laboratory macroscopic observations are used to infer changes at the particulate level. Evidence for chemical change include gas production, change in...

In this video Paul Andersen explains why atoms in the periodic table show trends in ionization energy, atomic radii, electronegativity and charge. All of these trends are explained through Coulomb's Law. A brief description of Dmitri...

Mr. Andersen explains the basic quantities of motion. Demonstration videos and practice problems are also included. The difference between scalar and vector quantities is also discussed.

In this video Paul Andersen explains how land is developed for human use. Urbanization has occurred through the last century as people have moved to cities in large numbers. Transportation and the arrival of the car have led to urban...

Paul Andersen explains how reproductive isolation can eventually lead to speciation. Three main barriers to gene flow are included: geographic, pre-zygotic and post-zygotic. Both allopatric and sympatric speciation are discussed. A brief...

In this video Paul Andersen explains how conservative forces can be used to store potential energy in an object or a system. The work done is equal to the amount of potential energy in the object. The following conservative forces are...

Paul Andersen explains how cells are selectively permeable with the help of their cell membrane. The main constituents of the cell membrane, including cholesterol, glycolipids, glycoproteins, phospholipids, and proteins are included. The...

In this video Paul Andersen explains how the gas pressure is the force applied over the area of the container. It is also the change in momentum as gas molecules interact with the container and is uniform throughout the sample. Several...